The A rgument of A nalogy. 5 5 



Yet no alteration is discernible in the specific char- 

 acter mentioned above (No. 52, 53). That exhibits 

 an identity, unity, harmony, amid all varieties and 

 races, howsoever far they wander from the normal, 

 middle type, howsoever much they fluctuate, or 

 undulate above or below the mean level. 



I would gladly go through a similar series of in- 

 stances in the animal kingdom; and this would be 

 the more interesting, as the analogy which they 

 supply is closer to the human species, reaching as 

 they do into the order of sensitive instincts. But 

 space and time forbid it here. So let us pass on 

 to the argument of analogy derived from these 

 facts. 



59. The argument, which is called analogy, may 

 be taken in a loose or in a strict sense. In the 

 looser meaning we have it constantly re- 

 ferred to as " analogies of nature/' sup- A ^i^y? 

 plying funds inexhaustible for the similes 

 of the poet, the moral lessons of the philosopher, 

 and even sometimes for the embellishment of a 

 scientist's theory, when he grows oblivious of his 

 exalted responsibilities. It is only in a strict sense 

 that science has anything to do with the argument 

 of analogy; which means that, given the identical 

 data, under the same bearings in two otherwise 

 different classes of being, these identical data so 

 considered may be taken as premises to draw con- 

 clusions, which then apply equally to both. Thus, 

 given identical conditions in the optical organs of a 



