J2 Actual Races in History. 



the necessities which it imposed, as that of obtain- 

 ing food by the chase, the instincts which it de- 

 veloped of wandering on and on still further, car- 

 ried the hunters far away, oftentimes into desperate 

 conditions of existence, both natural and social. 

 This it is which the palaeolithic and neolithic relics 

 give us to understand; and in a manner pathetically 

 portray to our eyes. In migrations by land, hun- 

 ters or warriors were ever the vanguard. Sea- 

 kings led the way by sea. And the vanguard had 

 to pay, with their own personal suffering and loss, 

 the price of that acclimatization which their posterity 

 might- survive to enjoy. After the hordes of hunt- 

 ers or warriors, it is plausibly suggested that the 

 life of nomadic shepherds would be the first step 

 towards settling down; and they would thus begin 

 to agree in their manner of life with those who had 

 never migrated. Finally, with increase of popula- 

 tion and a greater degree of security, the shepherd 

 would settle down still more, and till the ground, 

 opening up its resources as an agriculturist or 

 farmer. 



83. What this acclimatization might cost the 



pioneers, we may estimate by the analogy of the 



lower organic kingdoms. Spring wheat 



CostofAccli- , , , , .. ,. 



matization. nas ®een made to change its times 

 and conditions into an autumn wheat; 

 but the effort entailed the loss of nearly three 

 harvests. To make wheat grow at all in Sierra 

 Leone cost many more. Certain European fowls, 



