Law of Population 



term of one European people could exceed that 

 another by a quarter of a century. 



77 



of 





1876-18S5. 



1896-1903. 





















Addition 



IOOO 



Deaths 



Average 



Deaths 



Average 



made to life- 





per 1000 



life 



term 



per 1000 



life- 



erm 



term 





annually. 



1S76 



-1885. 



annually. 



1896- 



1903. 



1880- 



900. 







Years. 



Days. 





Years. 



Days. 



Years. 



Days. 



England . . 



20-1 



49 



274 



I 7 I 



58 



175 



8 



286 



Scotland . . 



20-1 



49 



274 



17-6 



56 



299 



7 



25 



Ireland 1 . . . 











l8l 



55 



91 







Denmark . 



18-9 



52 



332 



16-4 



60 



55 



7 



68 



Norway . . 



167 



59 



321 



15-3 



65 



131 



5 



176 



Sweden . . . 



17-9 



55 



316 



15-9 



62 



326 



7 



10 



Austria . . . 



30-37 



32 



338 



25-2 



39 



172 



6 



199 



Hungary . . 



34-6 



28 



329 



27-1 



36 



329 



8 



— 



Switzerland 



22-3 



44 



308 



17-9 



55 



310 



11 



8 



German 



















Empire 



25-9 



38 



222 



20-9 



47 



309 



9 



87 



Prussia . . . 



25-4 



39 



94 



20-5 



48 



285 



9 



191 



Nether- 



















lands 



22-2 



45 



16 



17-8 



56 



65 



11 



49 



Belgium . . . 



21 -I 



47 



83 



17-9 



55 



3i8 



8 



223 



France . . . 



22-3 



44 



308 



20-2 



49 



184 



4 



241 



Italy 



28-3 



35 



122 



22'5 



44 



162 



9 



40 



In the half -century previous to 1903 the decline in 

 the mortality of children under five years of age has 

 amounted to 19-2 per cent, while the decline in the 

 general mortality of the country is 28-7 per cent, 

 showing that the former has not kept pace with the 

 reduction in the general mortality of the country. 



It must surely now be evident to every intelligent 

 observer that the heavy mortality in the past from 

 war, pestilence, and famine in no way operated in the 

 direction of keeping down or decreasing the population 

 of any country. Populations were not kept down or 



Up to 1881 the registration of Ireland was very defective, 



