GLOSSARY. 309 



undergoing a peculiar metamorphosis, in which the young 

 animal is generally aquatic and breathes by gills. (Examples, 

 Frogs, Toads, and Newts.) 



Boulders. — Large transported blocks of stone generally imbedded 

 in clays or gravels. 



Beachiopoda. — A class of marine Mollusca, or soft-bodied animals, 

 furnished with a bivalve shell, attached to submarine objects 

 by a stalk which passes through an aperture in one of the 

 valves, and furnished with fringed arms, by the action of which 

 food is carried to the mouth. 



Branchle. — Gills or organs for respiration in water. 



Branchial. — Pertaining to gills or branchias. 



Cambrian System. — A Series of very ancient Palaeozoic rocks, 

 between the Laurentian and the Silurian. Until recently these 

 were regarded as the oldest fossil iferous rocks. 



Canid^e. — The Dog-family, including the Dog, Wolf, Fox, Jackal, 

 &c. 



Carapace. — The shell enveloping the anterior part of the body in 

 Crustaceans generally ; applied also to the hard shelly pieces of 

 the Cirripedes. 



Carboniferous. — This term is applied to the great formation which 

 includes, among other rocks, the coal-measures. It belongs to 

 the oldest, or Palaeozoic, sj-stem of formations^ 



Caudal. — Of or belonging to the tail. 



Cephalopods. — The highest class of the Mollusca, or soft-bodied 

 animals, characterised by having the mouth surrounded by a 

 greater or less number of fleshy arms or tentacles, which, in 

 most living species, are furnished with sucking-cups. {Ex- 

 amples, Cuttle-fish, Nautilus.) 



Cetacea. — An order of Mammalia, including the Whales* Dolphins, 

 &c, having the form of the body fish-like, the skin naked, and 

 only the fore-limbs developed. 



Chelonia. — An order of Reptiles including the Turtles, Tortoises, &c. 



Cirripedes. — An order of Crustaceans including the Barnacles and 

 Acorn-shells. Their young resemble those of many other 

 Crustaceans in form ; but when mature they are always attached 

 to other objects, either directly or by means of a stalk, and their 

 bodies are enclosed by a calcareous shell composed of several 

 pieces, two of which can open to give issue to a bunch of curled, 

 jointed tentacles, which represent the limbs. 



