Chap. L THEIR PARENTAGE. 17 



The materials are remarkably deficient between tlie four- 

 teenth, century and tlie Eoman classical period. 3 At this 

 latter period various breeds, namely hounds, house-dogs, lap- 

 dogs, &c, existed ; but, as Dr. Walther has remarked, it is 

 impossible to recognise the greater number with any cer- 

 tainty. Touatt, however, gives a -drawing of a beautiful 

 sculpture of two greyhound puppies from the Villa of An- 

 toninus. On an Assyrian monument, about 640 B.C., an 

 enormous mastiff 4 is figured ; and according to Sir H. 

 Kawlinson (as I was informed at the British Museum), 

 similar dogs are still imported into this same country. I 

 have looked through the magnificent works of Lepsius and 

 Eosellini, and on the Egyptian monuments from the fourth 

 to the twelfth dynasties (i.e. from about 3400 B.C. to 2100 B.C.) 

 several varieties of the dog are represented ; most of them are 

 allied to greyhounds ; at the later of these periods a dog 

 resembling a hound is figured, with drooping ears, but with 

 a longer back and more pointed head than in our hounds. 

 There is, also, a turnspit, with short and crooked legs, closely 

 resembling the existing variety ; but this kind of monstrosity 

 is so common with, various animals, as with the ancon sheep, 

 and even, according to Eengger, with jaguars in Paraguay, 

 that it would be rash to look at the monumental animal as 

 the parent of all our turnspits : Colonel Sykes 5 also has 

 described an Indian pariah dog as presenting the same 

 monstrous character. The most ancient dog represented on 

 the Egyptian monuments is one of the most singular ; it 

 resembles a greyhound, but has long pointed ears and a short 

 curled tail : a closely allied variety still exists in Northern 



3 Berjeau, 'The Varieties of the from the tomb of the son of Esar 

 Dog ; in old Sculptures and Pictures,' Haddor., and clay models in the 

 1863. <Der Hund,' von Dr. F. L. British Museum. JSTott and Gliddon, 

 Walther, Giessen, 1817, s. 48,: this in their 'Types of Mankind,' 1854, pi 

 author seems carefully to have studied 393, give a copy of these drawings 

 all classical works on the subject. This dog has been called a Thibetan 

 See also Volz, 'Beitrage zur Kultur- mastiff, but Mr. H. A. Oldfield, who 

 geschichte,' Leipzig, 1852, s. 115 is familiar with the so-called Thibet 

 ' Youatt on the Dog,' 1845, p. 6. A mastiff, and has examined the draw- 

 very full history is given by De ings in the British Museum, informs 

 LTainville in his ' Osteographie, me that he considers them different. 

 Canidae.' 5 ' Proc. Zoolog. Soc.,* July 12th, 



''■ I have seen drawings of this dog 1831. 



