Chap. XIV. SEXUAL LIMITATION. 49 



nevertheless, in one instance in which it first appeared in a female, 

 it was transmitted during five generations to thirteen individuals, 

 all of whom were females. The hsemorrhagic diathesis, often accom- 

 panied by rheumatism, has been known to affect the males alone 

 during five generations, being transmitted, however, through the 

 females. It is said that deficient phalanges in the fingers have 

 been inherited by the females alone during ten generations. In 

 another case, a man thus deficient in both hands and feet, trans- 

 mitted the peculiarity to his two sons and one daughter; but in 

 the third generation, out of nineteen grandchildren, twelve sons 

 had the family defect, whilst the seven daughters were free. In 

 ordinary cases of sexual limitation, the sons or daughters inherit 

 the peculiarity, whatever it may be, from their father or mother, 

 and transmit it to their children of the same sex; but generally 

 with the hemorrhagic diathesis, and often with colour-blindness, 

 and in some other cases, the sons never inherit the peculiarity 

 directly from their fathers, but the daughters alone transmit the 

 latent tendency, so that the sons of the daughters alone exhibit it. 

 Thus the father, grandson, and great-great-grandson will exhibit a 

 peculiarity, — the grandmother, daughter, and great-grand -daughter 

 having transmitted it in a latent state. Hence we have, as Mr. 

 Sedgwick remarks, a double kind of atavism or reversion; each 

 grandson apparently receiving and developing the peculiarity from 

 his grandfather, and each daughter apparently receiving the latent 

 tendency from her grandmother. 



Prom the various facts recorded by Dr. Prosper Lucas, Mr. 

 Sedgwick, and others, there can be no doubt that peculiarities first 

 appearing in either sex, though not in any way necessarily or 

 invariably connected with that sex, strongly tend to be inherited by 

 the offspring of the same sex, but are often transmitted in a latent 

 state through the opposite sex. 



Turning now to domesticated animals, we find that certain 

 characters not proper to the parent species are often confined to, 

 and inherited by, one sex alone ; but we do not know the history 

 of the first appearance of such characters. In the chapter on Sheep, 

 we have seen that the males of certain races differ greatly from 

 the females in the shape of their horns, these being absent in the 

 ewes of some breeds ; they differ also in the development of fat in 

 the tail and in the outline of the forehead. These differences, 

 judging from the character of the allied wild species, cannot be 

 accounted for by supposing that they have been derived from 

 distinct parent forms. There is, also, a great difference between 

 the horns of the two sexes in one Indian breed of goats. The bull 

 zebu is said to have a larger hump than the cow. In the Scotch 

 deer-hound the two sexes differ in size more than in any other 

 variety of the dog, 28 and, judging from analogy, more than in the 

 aboriginal parent-species. The peculiar colour called tortoise-- 



28 W. Scrope, ' Art of Deer Stalking,' p. 354. 



