NOTES. 487 



169 (ii. 217). Dorsal side and ventral sides are homologous 

 in Vertebrates, Articulated Animals (Arthropoda), Soft-bodied 

 Animals (Mollusca), and Worms, so that the dorsal marrow and 

 the ventral marrow are not comparable. Cf. Gegenbaur, "Morph. 

 Jahrbnch," vol. i. pp. 5, 6. 



170 (ii. 228). The unknown ontogenetic origin of the sym- 

 pathetic nerve-system must probably, for phylogenetic reasons, 

 be sought chiefly in the intestinal layer, not in the skin-layer. 



171 (ii. 248). On the cavities connected with the nose, see 

 Gegenbaur, " Elements of Comparative Anatomy," p. 580. 



172 (ii. 260). The analogies in the germination of the higher 

 sense organs were rightly grasped even by the earlier natural 

 philosophers. The first more accurate sketches of the very 

 obscure germ-history of the sense-organs, especially of the eye 

 and ear, were given (1830) by Emil Huschke, of Jena (Isis, 

 Meckel's Archiv, etc.). 



173 (ii. 265). Hasse, " Anatomical Studies " (" Anatomische 

 Studien "), chiefly of the organ of hearing. Leipzig, 1873. 



174 (ii. 269). Johannes Rathke, " On the Gill- apparatus and 

 the Tongue-bone " (" Ueber den Kiemen-apparat und des 

 Zungenbein," 1832). Gegenbaur, " On the Head-skeleton of 

 Selachii," 1872. (See note 124.) 



175 (ii. 272). On the Rudimentary Ear-shell of Man, cf. 

 Darwin, "Descent of Man," vol. i. pp. 17-19. 



176 (ii. 276). Scarcely anywhere does Comparative Anatomy 

 prove its high morphological value as with reference to the 

 skeleton of Vertebrates: in this matter it accomplishes much 

 more than Ontogeny. There is all the more reason to insist on 

 this here, as Goette, in his gigantic history of the evolution of 

 Bombinator, has recently denied all scientific value to Com- 

 parative Anatomy, and asserted that Morphology is explained 

 solely by Ontogeny. Cf. my " Aims and Methods of the "Recent 

 History of Evolution " (" Ziele und Wege der heutigen Ent- 

 wickelungsgeschichte," 1875, p. 52, etc.). 



177 (ii. 283). The Human Tail, like all other rudimentary 

 organs, is very variable in point of size and development. In 



