52 



additions will be made to both groups, as the great continent of South 

 Anierica becomes more fully explored. 



To Desmarest, however, belongs the credit of first making known 

 the present species of CaUiste, and of giving a sufficiently accurate 

 figure of the black-backed male bird, which he has done in the eleventh 

 plate of his volume. He there states that it was brought by Dombey 

 from Peru, and applies to it the epithet 'peruviana. Now whether 

 ideas about geography were somewhat unsettled in those days, or 

 whether Dombey was not accurate in recording his locahties, I do not 

 know, but certain it is that this Tanager does not come from Peru, 

 but from the southern portion of Eastern Brazil — a very different 

 zoological province, and one which, as far as I am aware, is not 

 tenanted by a single species of CaUiste which likewise occurs in 

 Peru. I have therefore thought it necessary to reject Desmarest's 

 appellation for this bird, and to use for it the name employed by 

 Swainson, who gives excellent figures of both sexes in his ' Ornitholo- 

 gical Dravdngs.' 



Prince Maximilian of Neuwied has likewise, as I have had already 

 occasion to remark, fallen into some error as regards this species. 

 He describes it as the female of the preceding, CaUiste pretiosa, 

 and applies to them both Linnseus' name gyrola. Du Bois follows 

 Prince Maximilian in his nomenclature, and in the ' Ornithologische 

 Galerie' represents the male of this bird as the female of Tanagra 

 gyrola. The males of these two allied species are very easily di- 

 stinguishable, the present having a glossy black back, while in the 

 former bird this part is chestnut-red like the head. But in the 

 females the differences are not so obvious, for their plumages very 

 closely resemble each other, though in the present bird there is 

 rather more rufous colouring on the head and neck, and a shghtly 

 darker shade on the back. 



