GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 429 



Physostomi. 

 CLUPEA, (Linn.) 



CLUPEA HUMILIS, (LEIDY.) 

 (Proceedings of Academy of Natural Sciences, 1856,256.) 



Vertebrae, 34. Depth, 2£ to 2§ lines in length, exclusive of caudal fin, 

 (2£ times, Leidy.) Scales large ; 1. transverse 11-12. A very abun- 

 dant species in the shales, distinguished by its corpulent form. 



CLUPEA PUSILLA, (COPE.) 

 (Proceed. Amer. Philos. Soc, 1870, p. 382.) 



Greatest depth contained four times in the total length, or 3.5 times 

 to basis of caudal fin. Length of head 3.2 to basis caudal. This 

 measurement may require revision, as the end of the muzzle is slightly 

 injured. Orbit large, contained twice in length, and about over the 

 origins of the ventrals. D. II, 11 ; Y. 7. Pectoral extending half way 

 to ventrals. Vertebrae, 29-30 ; dorsals, 19-20. Ventral keeled ribs, 18. 

 Anal fin lost. Caudal peduncle slender; caudal fin deeply furcate. Length, 

 M. 044; greatest depth, M. .011. 



A second specimen exhibits the character of the species more dis- 

 tinctly in some respects. There are 30 vertebrae, of which 13-14 are 

 caudal. The general shape is regularly fusiform, and the head rather 

 acuminate. 



M. 



Total length 0.054 



Length to preopercular edge 01 



Length to opercular edge '. 013 



Length to posterior margin dorsal 0255 



Length to anterior margin anal ' .034 



Length to base caudal 044 



Depth at occiput 011 



Depth at middle of dorsal 0115 



Depth at caudal peduncle 0040 



This species is therefore much more lanceolate in outline than C. liu- 

 milis, and has fewer vertebras. It is half the size, and not nearly so 

 abundant. 



OSTEOGLOSSUM, C. V. 



The discovery of this genus, or a close ally, in the Green Eiver shales, 

 by Lucius Ricksecker, is one of the most interesting in the history of 

 this department of paleontology which has been lately made. 



Osteoglossum has hitherto been known only in a recent state, and 

 with a range of distribution quite unparalleled among teleostean fishes. 

 Thus one species — 0. Mcirrhosum, Vand., occurred in Brazil; O. formo- 

 sum, Schl. Mull., in Borneo, &c, and O. leichardtii, Gthr., in New Zea 

 land ; all in the southern hemisphere or near the equator. Two other 

 genera, Vastres and Heterotis, have been associated with it, and these 

 belong to the same hemisphere, or to those faunae which characterize 

 it, in their extensions north of the equator. It is therefore interesting 

 to note that the first representative of the type found in any of the 

 northern faunal regions belongs to an age apparently eocene. 



The specimen representing the type species is not sufficiently perfect 

 to justify a final reference, but the squamation is much more that of 



