FOREST AND STREAM. 



iFetc I 



down tile Pacific Slope in almost headlong descent, on 



through the scenic beauties of the unpoeticaf Slumgullion 

 into the dimimitive park in which lies the OUt-of -I he-way 

 hamlet by prophetic license called Luke O'ty. 



Like Zfon of Old it i8 exceedingly "beautiful for situation." 

 Lying at an altitude of nearly nine thousand feel, and remote 

 from the centers of traffic, 'it nevertheless has daily mails 

 from all directions, telegraphic, stage and express lines, two 

 ■weekly newspapers, a fine public schoolhouse buflt of brick, 

 several churches:, a flourishing bank, and numerous shops 

 that drive, an immense trade with the contiguous camps. 



To the south of the ton n. and several hundred feet above 

 it, gutters the mirror of beautiful San Cristobal, a lake of 

 wondrous loveliness. Its waters have been well stocked 

 with trout, and there can be no doubt that in years to come 

 it will become the resort of thousands who seek rest, or 

 health or pleasure. 



The Denver and Rio Grande Railway has already graded 

 a road-bed hence to its Gunnison branch, and rails will 



.■ laid ;: 



doubt! 

 effected 

 tturty-li 

 and f.ru 



lished bv and still 

 .J. and Robert Croi 

 the place, furnishi! 



. .. 3 Pacific connection has been 

 race to the Gunnison branch is but about 

 lilcs, in which direction most of the freighting 

 ig is done. 

 Of its two thousand inhabitants the great bulk hi digging 

 in the silver laden mountains. The extensive smelter estah- 

 uder the management of Messrs. John 

 tee, has been an incalculable blessing to 

 g the miner with cash for his ores, and 

 giviug employment to hundreds of others. 



Hire, ;is elsewhere in the State, there are many mines 

 that are most undeservedly buried under had names'. Rich 

 leads lie undeveloped because capital is too timid or too 

 faithless to come and make personal inspection and effort. 

 Not mining stocks ought to 1 ' 

 true it is, that excellent flair 

 any portion of the State for 

 iSlO.Oub. L'nfortunatelv too 

 lion, and speculation at' last invariably defe: 

 The mine ought lo be bought to be worked, fairly and 



gh1 



i bi 



but 

 pin- 



mines: for most, 

 phased in almost 



rar 



ging 



from $1,000 to 



- be 



V sin 



inly on specula- 



- of coal or iron is worked 

 a'sonal presence and interest 

 grit and hard work. Fortunes 

 thousands of disconsolate stock - 

 e courage to work their lodes on 

 for RS a rule it holds, in Colorado 

 e shaft the richer is the mineral 



honestly, just 

 cess in' mining means [ 

 means intelligence, clea 

 would fill the coffers o 

 holders if they only had tl: 

 a large and eenero'us scale. 

 at least, that the deeper th 

 output. 



from Lake. Cit\ we return to Antelope Park, the sports- 

 man's paradise, a quiet, restful ret real iu the very heart of 



terry, and each ..(.her as badly as possible, will have 

 "Whacked up" and got away with their plunder. And 

 human skill will not be able to make good the. desecration 

 and desolation iu a century that a few greedy hoodlums 

 have wrought, in (I single year. 



1 have often wondered, when Cruising among the 

 ••drowned lands" of the Adirondack,-, why the guides did 

 not hoist every dam in the wilderness with 'dynamite, it is 

 no answer lo 'say this would lie lawlessness; it wire rather 

 self-defense. \Vhen atn man or any number of men assume 

 the right to poison the air 1 must breathe and the water I 

 and my family must drink, if is a, duty to blow his villain- 

 mis | raps sky high, if 1 can. "Logic is logic." 



Maybe 1 shall live to sec the dawning of o day when the 

 almighty dollar will not be. all in all, but the outlook is not 

 a brighl one. rTtjssMPK. 



and I 

 itching 



tiiml ]§i§torjj. 



To bum 



■r nrompl attenti 



dr$xst!d > 



, the Forest and 



to indmd 



mis, in whose oh.i 



porfa<n.ce < 



reliable to delay 



the Sierra Madrc. Here the waters 

 plain and height are the haunt of til 

 tain sh.-ep, the black tailed deer, the 

 Calloway's, no at the head Of the Car 



u genial, sympathetic host, a warm 

 fortable rooms of exceeding neatnesi 

 venison and mushrooms as i 

 ably will never taste again 

 peated. It in well worth 

 revd in such limit! 



alive with trout, and 

 antelope, the mora- 

 le bear and the elk. At 

 'ark. the tourist will find 

 m welcome., large, com- 

 ness, and such dishes of 

 :r lasted before, and prob- 

 i, unless the pilgrimage- be re- 

 comiug two thousand miles to 

 lalth of sport, to breathe 



pure and life-giving, and to feast the eyes on such mag- 

 nificence of mountain view. 



We have east the fly in the Tomichi, the Gunnison and 

 Ihe Cimarron; w T e have partaken of the treasures of the 

 Los Pinos, the Piedra and the Rio de las Animas, and uni- 

 formly we found the fish abundant and most excellent; but 

 nowhere can the angler so speedily burden himself with 

 good, solid trout as he can at almost anv point on the Rio 

 Grande, between Del Norte and Antelope Park. With a 

 red or brawn hackle, a dark or whitish fly. and a wee bit 

 of a gnat, With a lithe rod, high wading 'boots (the water 

 is of icy coldness) and a fair share of the angler's instinct- 

 given these, and one man can not only supply but easily 

 gorge a good-sized camp; that is to say. if sixty or seventy 

 pounds are sufficient to comp 



For sixty miles or more the 

 the river, whose banks are ge 

 trees or undergrowth. It is 

 waded at almost any place. 



The open season begins with July and ends with Novem- 

 ber, of which July and September are said lobe the choice 

 months. Iu August rains are not infrequent, and fty-east- 

 ing iu the turbid waters of the Rio Grande is reported to be 

 a waste of time, 



The fiend with trap, net and cartridge is not unknown, 

 in fact, sonic mountain streams he has already nearly de- 

 pleted. Giant powder does occasionally happen to kill one 

 and another of this pestiferous tribe, but it is doing its good 



that e 

 rnpike 

 .-ally fi 



Follows the course of 

 •e from overhanging 

 that it can easily be 



Should be ad- 



THE BIRDS OF MAINE. 



With Annotations of their Comparative Abundance, 



Dates of Migration, Breeding Habits, etc. 



bt eveiiktt smith. 

 Strioid^e: The Owls. 



137. Barn Uwl — Stti.e ummcctna Aud. ; Ahieo flu iih/h-v * 

 nuitrietmtts Ridg. 394; Alum f)<inime,M pridin,;,!,, Cs. 461.— 

 Accidental straggler. In June, 1866, I saw a fresh speci- 

 men of this owl in the workshop of L. C. Daniels, taxider- 

 mist, at Portland, Me., and was informed at the time that it 

 was shot at Falmouth. Cumberland county, Me. 



138. Great Horned Owl — B»ho rivf/hiM-rut* Aud., Ridg. 

 405, Ca. 463.— Common. Not abundant. Probably resident. 

 Breeds. Owls of this species almost invariably, if not 

 always, have a very marked odor, such as is emitted by the 

 common skunk. So constant has been this mephitie odea- in 

 all the adult specimens I have examined, as ■• suggest th : 

 it emanated from the birds. But close investigation has 

 convinced me that in all cases this perfume had been 

 acquired by contact, with the mammal, which probably had 

 been attacked by the bird as an object of prey. 



An owl of this species was found by a friend of the writer 

 one morning in his henhouse, where about one hundred fowl 

 were confined. The owl was standing upon the ground, 

 surrounded by dead ducks aud hens slain by it. During 

 the previous moolighl. night this bird had darted through a 

 window that was close to the perches of the fowl, which 

 were probably seen, and therefore attacked. Once within 

 the inclosure, the owl had either remained by choice or 

 was unable to find the aperture effected on its entrance 

 by the breaking of a pane of glass, and the space was too 

 limited for flight aud darting through another pane. A bil- 

 let of wood in the hands of the owner of the slain poultry 

 soon stretched the owl beside its victims. 



139. Screech Owl, Mottled Owl— Bubo agio Aud.; Scopi 

 moTSZ&g. 402, Cs. 465.— Uncommon. No record of the 

 nest and" eggs of this species have been found in Maine, but 

 it. is probably a regular summer visitant, to Western Maine 

 from more southern localities. Mr. Boardman regards' : IS 

 "very Tare" in Eastern Maine. In the summer of 188Q in 

 owl of this species Hew into a hotel at Bangor, and was there 

 captured, aud its skin was preserved. No other specimen has 

 recenf.lv been taken in that vicinity. 



In Western Maine the species is not very rare, and a 

 few may be then- resident, throughout the year. Prof, Yer- 

 rill, in his list of the birds of Norway, Me., mentioned this 

 s|>ieie "resident, common, breeds." and the same list 

 mentions the si... rt-eared owl as of "probable occurrence" 

 only. Yet. the latter species is common along the coast, but 

 the Screech, or little red, owl is decidedly uncommon on the 

 coast, even of Southwestern Maine, and does not appear to 

 be of common occurrence anywhere in this State. 



140. Long-eared Owl — Otus vitlgnrix Aud.; Asio nimri- 

 mniis Ridg. 395; Alio inlmu.ii>,; ».< Cs. 473.— Common. Pro- 

 hroughout ihe year. Breeds. One of 

 Maine. 



Marsh Owl.— OtMi ImehyotUs&.'Od. ; 



night, was frequented by a number ot m 

 devoted several hours of (he dav and livening 

 their movements. Muring the day they wen 

 active, remaining perched upon rocks watching some pool for 

 crabs or fish with •> patience rivaling that of Izuak "Walton, 

 mill when approached would fly but a short distance from 

 rock to rock. They appeared to be rather shv, and much 

 mure so than are usually the owlS of other species. 



The markings of the plumage of the snowy Owls >. o « 

 greatly. Upon some the black .seems rather to predominate. 



and I have 



Id. H 

 480.-N.. 

 the north 

 been no i 

 quite pr 

 146 ' 



e Specimens almost entirely white. 

 Si<r„i„/i,,,a;„-\ud.. Ridg. 107, Cs 

 nion. Autumn and winter visitant from 

 lay he resident, but there has 



uding in Mai 



orb- 



tant from 



this specie 

 was iu the 



Tengmalm': 

 •It 



hat a few of th 



Owl— TTtula tengmalmi And. 

 w'Ridg. 400. Cs. '482,— Rare w 

 lorth. Mr. 'iLirrv Merrill obtained . 

 the city of Bangor in March 1870. 

 itrcet, and appeared to he so dazed b 



ret it IS 



_\> till 



liter visi- 

 n owl of 

 The bird 

 r its sta- 

 ndings that it was easily knocked over with a slick. In 

 this connection it is interesting to recall the tact that the 

 great naturalist, Audubon, procured at Bangor, Maine, "in 

 the beginning of September, 1S32," the only "specimen that 

 he ever saw alive, Air. Boardman has obtained a number 

 of 'specimens, "all taken in winter." Two owls of this 

 species, taken in Maine, were brought to Portland in Novem- 

 ber, 1883. 



147. Acadian Owl— PZwJa tfeitOka Aud.; 

 Ridg. 401, Cs. 483.— Common. Undone. 

 resident throughout each year, and it pi 

 Maine. Although the discovery of its nest i 

 been reported, immature specimens have hei 

 adults observed during the breeding season. 

 the smallest here known, is sometimes te 

 whet owl," on account of some of it 



mably I 



,il a k.n 

 This li 

 med the 



the sound produced in tiliu 

 birds have been termed "whi 

 the coloration of plumage, yi 

 An aeadian owl was captui 

 street. Portland Mi 

 Frederick Fox, Jr. 

 was seen at the tim. 

 1 i kept alive, and 



I another 

 the garde 



ally 



•Xi/etnj,' acartka 



•dlv some are 



reeds in 



has not 

 and the 



tie owl, 

 'saw 

 ibling 

 mature 

 ouut of 

 adults, 

 n State 

 5, by my nephew, 

 4' the same species 

 bv. This captured 

 itted h the freedom 



Thi 



lha 





work with painful slownct 

 wishes rest with The Colo 



of 



The 

 3 Ga 



angler 

 lie and E 



•s. Esq., 



,sh Prote 



■ood 



of 



ver 



-dh 



up 



i the genial host look us to 

 me of divers sorts here and 

 g us there to the mercies of 

 , cold. James P. Galloway 

 c genuine Western pioneer. 



has ever been on Ihe side of 

 lis worth is acknowledged, 

 now represents his coustitu 

 iic 



irt-eared Owl 

 * Ridg. 



Association, 

 president, 



Through i 

 Antelope Springs, picking 

 then- by the wayside,, and leavi 

 Ihe Overland line and the pitili 

 is an admirable specimen of t 

 In times most tumultuous he 

 law aud order. Far aud wide 

 and it is because of this that h( 



enls in the upper house of the Stale Legislature. H 

 deeds he has done, yet there is in him the gentleness of .. 

 child and the courtesy of a prince. Let him thai donbtcth 

 fTO mid see. 



GRAB AND GREED. 



I AM more than glad to sec your hands up against 

 the Yellowstone Outrage, You, with Senator Vest and 

 others, are doing good work for the nation — building better 

 than you think, possibly. Time only can give final results, 

 Jiall not win untried, 

 damnioth Cave and Niagara Falls 

 or the benefit of landlords. hack- 

 Is. And now the three grandest 

 favored land are being desecrated 



bably som 



the most <: 



141. Shi 

 Aw> ampitnnus Ridg. 396, Cs. 473.— Common. Arriv 

 April. Breeds on the ground; lavs four dull while eggs 

 with a slight bluish tinge. This owl is common idl along the 

 coast in suitable locations, such as marshes and meadows. 

 It is rather diurnal in its habits, and f have observed it seek- 

 ing food on brighl sunny days, a.s well as during cloudy 

 weather, and in the evening. 



Its favorite haunts arc the marshes, and it resembles the 

 marsh hawk in its habits of Hying low over the meadow; 



search of its pre, 

 but rarely pun 



143. 



upon which it pr 

 s it. I have never 



when dis 

 of its oc 



Ml, 



rinta 



• Owl— & 



but at least the 



I have livi 

 degraded to 

 drivers, tlun 



.vindlei 



It 



parks on tl 

 to the sai 

 greed. AV 

 verted 



of i 



i 'hi. 



Gn 



at Grs 

 Ridg. 399 ;" Stria eir, 



the largest North American 

 great horned and snowy owls 

 in Maine, where it probably 

 irregular visitor from the urn 



143. Barred Owl— Syrniii 

 tows Ridg. 397, Cb. 176,— Al 



the State. Breeds. Theme 

 This o\\ I i- easily decoyed by an imitation of its cries. They 

 are apparently of :i very social disposition, and are not in- 

 frequently found together. I have called them about my 

 camp to the number of four or five in an evening, in ii 

 favorable location where they were abundant, and they 

 would remain in the immediate vit 

 whole night, keeping up their peculia 

 and occasionally hooting replies to mr 



l ein.roim Aud.; VlvU, 

 5s. 474.— Rare. This is 

 ir, exceeding, in size the 

 s only occasionally taken 

 i merely a.s a rare and 

 winter, 



irfogiimAxui.; Sft'w mU< 

 i. Resident throughout 

 icies in Maine, 



fhroughoul the 

 catlike conversation, 

 e distant bird 



is Adirondack reg 

 ;uiatic desolation, aud the sources of its 

 beautiful rivers dried up from the Moose to the llndsi.n, 

 until the kilter will not float a first class steamboat a hun- 

 dred miles iihove New York city, when these elear,, cold 

 streams are bringing malaria insteadof health to thedwellors 

 along their banks; when the Tosemite and the Xellowstone 

 parks are properly parceled out. appropriated, labeled ;oid 

 larilfed. Ihe public may wake up aud enter a hpol 

 test, but too late. The mischief will have been done, rings 

 and companies, having bealen ajul swindled the people id 



144, Snowy Owl — 8'''/7)f</ ni/rtw Ami ; Xi/rtm ■.,',,, 

 Ridg. 406, Cs.'47'.l. frre/ularly common. Visitant from the 

 north in autumn and Winter More commonly seen along 

 I.. -■■ than inland In October and Nnvember, 1876, 



there was H remarkable abundance of snowy owls along the 

 coast of New England. During the month of November, 

 1878, l saw quite a number of specimens while vi-i 

 islands and [edges on the eastern portion of Ihe coast of 

 Maine, These appeared lo seek ilieir food on the .shore, and 

 were observed perched upon the rocks left bare ■ 

 receding ;tide One small, treeless island where I spent a 



if my chamber, that 1 might better observe its habils. Upon 

 one- night, after I had stuffed and mounted several redpoll 

 linnets", and left them upon a piece of furniture in my 

 chamber, the little owl aroused me from sleep by the compli 



mem of spirited attacks upon thesttiffed birds, aud these al 



l.eaied ev.i, :,,',, , I had ari.enand illuminated 

 the room with gaslight. No sooner had I picked up one ol' the 

 stuffed hltds whiC^l bad been knocked down than the owl 

 made a dash at it while held in my hands. [1 missed its 

 prey, but not me. and 1 learned that my midnight apparel 

 would afford but little protection against the needle like 

 claws of this diminutive owl. The bird was subjeel to 

 convulsions, apparently of an epileptic nature, and when 

 thus afflicted would utter repeated cries of distress until ii 

 fell off its perch, and after a little, tremor became rigid 

 These attacks gradually became of frequeu I occurrence. Until 

 death finally ensued. 



F\Mtt.v KvbcoNiD.is: The Fai.coss. 



148. Iceland Gyrfftlcon— ffltieaiOtind&u* Ami. ; //,'■ rfifalw 

 gpifaleo klandm Ridg. U2a. Cs. 500. -An exceedingly rare 



visitant from the north. Geo. A. Boardman. Esq., has in his 

 eolleetii.il I wo specimens of this specieS of gvi fillcon, both of 

 which were killed near the mouth of ihe SI. Croix River. A 

 gyrfalcon was shot at Cape Elizabeth. Cumberland comity. 



Me.. October 13, 1877, probably referable In tin 



and its skin is now in the collection of Prof. ,1. T. Stanton. 



149. Labrador Gerfalcon— lTiiM\>!?o i/i/i/f' 1 '-" r(/.s.«V/e.- 

 Ridg. 412c, /■',>!>■■> .<(.'(•</• >'l'K"b 't/sCs. 4911— Mr. 'Boardman has 

 bad' three .specimens of this gerfalcon in hi- collection. 

 Two of these were killed near the mouth of the Si, Croi\ 

 River, in the Bay of Fundy. 



150. Peregrine Falcon. "Duck Hawk" — /!// - , 



Aud., Cs. 5IW; Fide,, }teir,,ei>i'i.<i i,iiriiis Kidg. -Ill— KflW 

 Occasionally seen during migration Mr. Boanlman re- 

 ported Ihe 'breeding of 'hawks of I his species at Grand 

 Marian Island, in the Bay of Fundy. many years ago, hip 

 there appear to have been none frequenting that locality 

 within the last few years, and the species is now bill raivh 

 seen anywhere in Maine. The capture of a specimen in the 

 auiutnti of 1870 at a house on Cape Elizabeth, occupied by 

 ITaniel W. Fessendeu, Esq., is recorded in an interesting 

 "ution to the Proceedings Of the Portland Natural 

 - Society, by Nathan Clill'ord Brown, which was read 

 the So'ciely April 3, 1883: "The hawk chased a 

 into the corner of a veranda surrounding the house, 

 is so absorbed in killing its prey that Mis. FesSBIKlen 

 i shawl over it and took it alive." 

 Pigeon Falcon, "Pigeon Hawk"— Fdeit 

 i'-', .-,!„-, - ./'..,,;,,,.,.,..,,. ,„'.,,v/e.' Ridg. 417.NSp.amml;, 

 ig migrations. Rare iu the spring, but more comm i 

 in tbli autumn, in the adult spring plumage Mi 

 ■upper parts of this hawk is dark blue, ami this ap 

 nice, uith Ihe size of the bird aud its swift flight, gives 

 emblauce lo the common wild pigeon; hence lite a I ttn 

 , ,„:>on hawk." No instance of this species breeding in 

 Maine has been repnricd, and probably those seen here breed 

 in more northern regions. 



152. Rusty-crowned Falcon. " Sparrow H»WJ 



, V >,>.l'irril>e .VU'I. I - ".US Tin „„„. »i>:, ■.;,<,,. ,'/«:■, Ridg. 12(1. 



—Abundant. Arrives iu April. Breeds in trees, eomimialy 

 in hoi s; lays ti\e or more ereatn-colored eggs covered with 

 blotches and spots of brown. This .species i- wry common 

 in Eastern Maine where il breeds, but, is not commonly 

 seen in Western Maiue except during the migration-.. The 



name "sparrow hawk" is quite inappropriate t 



as il does not commonly prey upon the Sparrows, The 

 usual rood of Ibis little hawk consists of inset Is and 

 small reptiles. I have many times watched hav.k-. of ibis 

 species associating with small birds, aud not only Have I hey 

 always refrained From attacking them, even under the niosl 

 tempting circumstances. Itui tin small bud- do not evince 

 the alarm that is always manifested upon the a] 

 oilier hawks. I have never found in the stomachs of .-peci 

 mens examined any trace of birds having been preyed abou, 

 oven when shot a i a time when small bird- wer< 

 riant. and insects, etc., comparatively scarce 



Although to a great extent Slihsisting upon go, ■ iio 



crickets, beetles aud othe! b, 



etc., vet these hawks have been reported a- DCOBSk»afly al 



tucking with determination bi r.ls .e various sort I 



even the eave swallows and domes! nless the ae- 



pigeoi 



and w 



threw 



181. 



Aud., 

 dtiriii 



'pig 



