May 3. L883,J 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



277 



spect to the principles involved n 

 due to her facility for cutting the 

 sectional area orating but little p 



shape and w 



■ieh . i-.i 



determine tt 



e display 



lions of the 





upon which 



similaritr of 



1 :-'■: 

 dettlil of 



principle tw 



• boats hi 



may both be 





Fendeur an 





principles g 





ose boats i 



vhich have a com- 



uss cannot 



•elv for their spued 



rough the i 



vatet 



, but 



it the 



ease with 



which tbej 



glide 



craft fall, 



hyv 



rtue of 



their 



classes. These 



two factoi-s 







relativ 



• posl- 







-place, 



fluid 







■s. No 











lar in 



lv to these 





.•lasses. 



The-f 



icred.as i 



. th 





- 



j as widely 



;; a '; 



rated 



o the. 



possible It 



: 



The 



>ep draft boats, depend for their sta- 

 of Hie center of gravity of the entire 

 >r the same property depend upou the 

 water, which is crowded away by the 



.'.her 



mctry. 



Tli et,.. 



tell a 



erencein the amount of water displaced 

 •eferred to, until, in the extreme eases. 

 hove down, we find the displaced iluiri 

 3 of this plane. To illustrate thisl ask 

 ked over the windward sale and seen the 

 oard above water? and how few. on the 

 eel in that position ? Did it never occur 

 a time what were the relative displaee- 

 i all discussion of nautical construction 

 .nd that we are dealing with mechanical 



ictors determining these points arc the 

 nd the figure or shape of the displaced 

 rith respect to an axis or plane of syni- 



uake a boat's stability. 



F. Jarvis Patten. 

 [We give below the midship section of the Fendeur as it appeared 

 our issue of the 8th February, and a copy of the sectiou our cor- 

 espondent "U. E, N."sent us of the ijrovti'-tl. the original of which 

 will be fouud '- - 



The Fendeur section, and the section represented by our corres- 

 pondent. "G. E. N.," to be that of the onward are also shown 

 careened to toe same angle as oui correspondeit, "F. J. P.," lias 



shown the corr.-otetl section of the ' inward. ' Beading carefully the 

 comment of "F. J. P." on this type of model, represented by Onward, 

 as compared to that of the Fendeur too of mod, -l_indepo,uie,' .a ,i,,. 

 diff. rence shown to exist in what the On ward is to that which -'ft. E. 



r" ' !■:■• -eno ! iter i< lie-- V ■ toil .. I . .to. he. t. i oil' < 01 .too, .at 



dents on this Fendeur type of model will feel satisfied that "F. J. P." 

 has not alone made i't plain that Fendeur would be a safe sea- 

 going boat, while Onward belongs io that class of model which are 



Llsoatnal;- ■■.on ;ni,,< ha, of- o oat ! at i i at- f lea tojowledge Of the 



principles which should guide the naval archilccl is oased on a 

 thorough cognizance of the subject at issue.] 



THE RATING OF YACHTS BY SAIL AREA AND 

 LENGTH, 



THE following remarks appeared in the London Field, from the 

 pen of Mr. W. Baden-Powell, of canoe reputation, will bo read 

 with great interest by all our leading yacht, committees. 



Forest and Stream has repeated],,- atli ised thai the rule of admeas- 

 urement known in America 



ee: . a I, .;,■.. .or , 



officers of the fseawanhaka V 

 well with the many classes o 

 deep and narrow, with lead 

 others of broad and shallow I 



We quoted the Sewanhaka 



-'hi J :ao..-n-i t : ,,,. -,oj . . .,; ,i -,, , iii conjecture that large 

 displacement and small sail are:, will be the result. This will en- 

 courage good modelling and insure good seagoing qualities, if the 

 design is properly calculated and balanced. It will not at the same 

 time give all the prizes to the man who spends the most money for lead 



imodore Lee's be adopted. _. 

 fter much investigation by the 

 Jew York, and found to work 

 that meet in our races— some 

 ud small area of canvas, and 

 ns and large area of canvas, 

 issue of April 12. 



>\ 



o ho 



been 



.1, Tl 



joyed 





With 



Oh to 



ither. 





pirits. 





■ will. 





it the 



'•The question of l 

 considered. Under t 

 chiefly been gained h 

 ening wind,' and it u 



slead? Its 



son. 



illy a 



I the 



off her mainsail ami topsail she 

 small reduction of the jib and s 

 the balance of center of effort a 

 so as to permit the rerluelion of 

 size. Is such a, rig-which is pra. 

 yawl's - 



in! of v 



vilo 



and naturally dread gil- 

 ds being, and cause it I 

 at a certain tonnage, and ii 

 rig, if not a •necessary evil, 

 100-ton cutter's main boom is not a please 



and tit say Pylons of i lorn coioi .-no! 



turned into a schooner or yawl (for racin 

 and peace of mind, and probably for suci 

 ination is the small yawl, why she should 

 aged by a time allowance for 'inferiority 

 is said that it's u snugger rig. but what L 

 It cannot be said of her, that as a t 

 dangerously large am! unmanageable. 

 ""vledged to be an inferior rig, why shoi 



sed for n 



tag* 



"The really snug and useful rig for cruising is the 'ketch,' a 

 thoroughly scamau-like rig. Why should not a ketch boat have an 



allowance, intermediate bet ,,,'een a, vtuvl .and a schooner's allowance, 

 or even a schooner's allowance? 



"If 'inferior' rigs are to he patronized by a time allowance for 'in- 

 feriority,' in the classes of on, ons and under, then certainly create 

 the 'ketch' class with a suitable allowance, and in a short time, no 

 seaman would be found owning a yawl. 



"But the important fpiestion now is— if racers are to be rated, for 

 time allowance, by sail area X length, must, net the minimum 

 area of mizzen. compared to area of mainsail in a yawl, and of fore- 

 sail to mainsail in a schooner, be clearly defined:' If not, -sail area 

 iltle.l wuh tig allowance' will o:..m produce, at all tonnages, es- 

 pecially in the. small classes, 'schooners' with al si. culler's sail 



plans, but, with a, small 'o.otMn ' foremast and foresail: and 'yawls' 

 •a trying the smallest uooh.eies tor tnizzens 



"In my opinion (he yau IV. mizzen should not he less than a quarter 

 of her mninsaiJ area; (he 'ketch's' dandy not less than one-third of 

 her mainsail: and the schooner's foresail in.t less than half her 

 mainsail. 



"Yawls, ketches and schooners of 'under 8Q tons' measurement 



should receive I ho "ric e.llowto ' only wb.-n ••ocii'.-l ing in •cniisiu-' 



or 'ocean' matches. Of ™,™ . m «V<t,i' -,,.„..■ <•„,: r „„E.„ „f k,i *„?„ 

 and upward must b 



wind and sea. Class 

 '/ancy' allowances for sup 

 'perfection,' not to 'imper 

 "The proposed rating In 

 line, will not be far off be 

 rule as could well be put. f 





i nil 



i, the pr 



•ent states o£ 

 tept clear of 

 should go to 



put forward for the purposes 01 



suggction is accompanied by a 

 by tonnage rule If the rule 

 ample data will be at hand to gi 

 status— whether as a time allow 

 classification or power gauge." 



itiltiplied by length on the load 

 by stability;' if is as simple a 

 at any rate, is well worth trial ; 

 centric heights of ten different 

 mid produce more accurate 

 ; but for practical and quick 

 1 length rule is the thing, 

 that this 'rating' rule is only 

 illowancing at present, and the 

 meni.iiilion io class the vessels 



"There is to other article so valuable for popular use in cases of 



lame back, local rheunialism, lumbago, neuralgia, congestion of the 

 bronchial tubes, coughs, affections of the hunts, and. torpid liver as 

 Benson's Capcinb Porters Plasters " So writes H. II. Kane, M. D„ 

 Physician-in Chief of the De Oniucy Home, New York. Prompt, 



,,rt„.Op|t„l hla«« I,..,'.™ „C ., .-...4-„ ^ , J.'t 



powerful, c 



Price ','5 cents.— Adv. 



ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.-lContinued.) 



F. Lake, Minn. — Can you giv 



said to have been planted in M 

 in what month ! Ans. If the tisti are 

 flv in June or July, or y,,u might try tn 

 if the waters about the shores are warn 



St, L., New York.-l. Can von tell me 

 water fishing, within ::r> or 80 miles 

 kind of fish will there be tit the Fishmgi 

 besttime of year to go there* Ans. 1. 

 streams. Perch can be taken in Croton 

 fake black bass in I Ireenwood Lake. 3. 

 in May, bur not. as plentiful as a month 

 good there all the summer. 



A. J., New York.— Will you kindly let 

 drown a fish when tt is in the water on 

 behind a boar, after it is tired and eann 

 think that it would be drowned. Ore 

 hausted, but not, drowned. We think i 

 der the conditions named, because,] I 

 what on the action of [he gill covers w 

 mouth. 



For trout go to f.ong Island 

 Lake. After June 1 you can 



Porgies will be on the banks 

 later. The fishing is usually 



,vif it is impossible to' 



If'a'hsh'vt 



Gun Flints, Norwich, Co 

 have a flint-lock gun that wa 

 good order yet. A few yea 



C. E. W ., 



respect to i 

 one barrel i 



flints. I 

 that is in 



d of Hints 



itical in 

 ion that 

 i barrel 



