40S 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[.TrxE 21. 188«. 



JfitiiatUure. 



PRACTICAL RESULTS OF FISHCULTURE 

 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. 



Ottawa, Camilla. May '.-. I s " 



Editor FoteKt n,ul >/,-,„,„.- 



Having read attentively your two leading .u-n-lc- on 



been distributed. Thi catch of salmon in Ontario, by the cen- 

 sus of 1873, was 1.7,800 lbs.; and bythe eensusof 1881 it was 

 ail. The Superintendent's report for 1 881 states that, so far as 

 returns go, it is a complete failure. This settles the point that 

 absoluteh nothinghas resulted in fourteen successive yeara 



from tin- successful d. -posit, proline im-iil -it inn. anil annual 



distribution oi 



If. 



,11 appeo 



. il:. 



- la 



"1 



mlture, 1 i nnture to of/ar ■ 

 facts within i 



tiOD- H11..1 tlu-i 



lldid I 



April •..'() lo May 16. Shad (North River, hi).— Ovaries not ex- 

 nminid; stomachs of pari, of (linn with -mall Rurihip.'-and a 

 few Bsh scales; In some the stomachs were full of theshrimp. 

 In one Southern and three Connecticut shad nothing in stom- 

 ach, 



Ma\ ! Menhaden.— Male; first (if Beason, spermariBK not 

 showing very much evidence of ripen' s-. stou..--ch with de- 

 eomj ,i cpateriaX 



May4toMav It). Porgies (8).— § males, 5 females: Ovaries 

 and spennaries Retting quite, soft. Stomachs with gelaf inone 



rw 



fart Style, at Marts est 



.:•:-■..: 



pattei n 



No» itoitod, His com lus 

 ous countries in which li 

 returns From public expi 

 for Baj iug iliai I do not 

 all, ■■_.-, as von say. that 



Ida 



i 



The first Of 



i in- 



fill- 



llu-sinn ov-lliluelil . 



-h in Finland on the 



>lsh in the in- ti •- 1 of 



bj relCl-lll-e tO Mill- 



adequate substantial 



u 



Maud Inspect... . 



seding oi Bsh, especially 



Pardo: 



- Main 



1 Von 



d-'mliori 



e,otGi 



imam. 



It- tin 



learned 





- state- 



ponde 



.i- have 



also r 



ived 



id'-rsto 



mt letter I shall couline 

 ties of fish, ova and ttaetrde- 



hy fry, m fabulous numbers 

 asurably exi'-'-iiini: the pro- 

 prarti-iil results establish! il 



,„ th- n-,-'-.--iti-.- ol mankind. 

 : successful deposit Of both 





Thus farthere Is i 

 i doubt. What rem 

 >i Id that a proporWi 



id indus- 

 iusttBed 



• i i 'ana-iii. has proved d Cailu 

 concedes everything cl-e excepting the (inanria I success, which 



he alleges cannot I., n i- .-tionabh provi-d b\ perceptible 



improvi monl in the Qshei ies oi the United States and i lanada 

 from the output of large Quantities ol in . 



I have r- ■■,-. ived a lette 

 Basing for information 



similar coiumunioataonf 



lv in th 



pi inl ■ i foi public use. 



ins -. If to i Ue same clas: 



rii- fecundation --r va 



vclopmenf into 



and promising Doaditii 



dw i oa-l niil operat 



b.\ ond ],■ ,cl'. -Hill- 

 to Yunnan know!,-.',., a- 

 - ins of safe trail 

 vivified egirs of ■■ oun 

 places, hav. a I- i p 

 The very 

 on \ i-w at soir.h * 

 in process of hatching after an 

 complete facilities lor transpo 

 less possibilities of tbesame in, 

 lisliculture to its present state 

 auce of failure and no n oni fi 

 be dune is to convince the w 

 prolific hatching and abundant distribution! 



to the pr< di^ions numbers hatched mid liberated 



reached maturity and re-appeilred in -commercial i 

 trial channels as a commodity of trade and mi art 

 p'.v to such an appreciable extent as the faithful nr 

 tn expecting, I he multiplication of the marke 

 fishes, a- et idencod by the at tual -at Hi is what rei 

 proved, Tln-re can. I presume, be no doubt that 



i has a right to demand thi: 

 parliament and the press are ahead 

 what imii.-ifii-ni terms. We eannol 

 practical results of successful reprc 

 distribution with the ether practici 

 doubt, coiniiri -il in Professor Malm;, 

 success." It may be that there are si 

 skeptics and carpers— 11 may te th 

 accidents; but there are also exaggera 

 with enthusiasm lurks th- danger of 

 on behalf of tr-li hat.bim.', even to t 

 rnnti il utory and "stubborn 

 complete success and satishj public i 



In view ' f this in-r.aisiiitr o.-man-i 

 that it seem, t„ me bo be the truest 

 propagation offish, and 

 which we anticipate in 

 iai i-s. that we should i 

 economic as. the chief of 



Ifcteproposed therefm 

 ti. ni facts relating to ih 

 ada, and its bearing on c 

 ply. The present, tine- 

 cause the decennial cens 

 the concurrent fish hat-cuing ope 

 afford a reliable basis ol 



Canada has eleven I love; 

 eration. eight oi which are 

 only, liesides two private oi 

 mon; two are employed n 

 trout eggs, and one hatch 

 earliest of these hat 



i the tried i 



have thus tar. Eromova to fry proven 



The pr< sent - of eminent and expei i 



all parts of tin- win Id now asaainbli 



Fisheries F..\l,i:.i:..n -,, i ..iniou, atlor 



portnniiv |;o discuss the matter, and i 

 public tex-rayei thnt we are leaping 



reap the fruits Of SO mii-h zealous ai 

 phase ol I he , ul i-i prise is of such Kl'Cf 

 tion to the pi imam are and eximti 



ficial nshhatching, thai 1 think it m 



tinguisjied and practical men in both 



Sourobedh 



ulcus in the future 

 »e assurance to the 

 hall Booneror later 

 penriv. labor. This 

 l-ortanei- m il- r-la- 

 the s\stun of arti- 

 the attention of dis- 



W. 1'. WlllTCHEB. 



THE AMERICAN FISHCULTURAL ASSOCIATION. 



| l-KOCI'.EIll.vr.S enN-prNOEn.] 



A Ft:\\ Faits in RiJLATtoN TO riu: Komi anp Si-awnim; 

 Seasons oi-- Kisiiks as THE AtlaStic COAST- 



nv i:. i; ni..\ii<roi(]i. 



iettegaof tllisa-sori 



henn.eor season of 



a,l, and bhielisln but 

 is with any accuracy, 

 iportaut subject was 



at ion, inquiries ha 

 spawning ••! stii] ed 



■ 



Si the Senate Buh 

 •veial tishing pcttntj 



committeo on 

 on t-hc coast 

 '■: men. ui alers 

 lenhndeii. and 

 t this fish formed one of the principal 

 the bass, bluefish, and other valuable 

 lare-niis of this inquiry conclusively 

 ite afoi matiou could be obtained upon 

 tional legislation for the proteelion 01 



t Prof. Spencer !■'. Bairtl. I determined 

 facilities afforded by Pulton Market to 



n.-iti.-n oi th- vise. uiof all the important 



Mav 11 to .Mine J. 

 aclis generally with si 



TUc.y PJ. iilneli-l,. N. 

 males: stomachs litoia.ll 

 weakfish. Imttcrli 

 gurnards. 



M iv ;c. Bluefish 

 ihsfullof half dig 

 Maj "J I to June 1 

 ■PL 



i.-ill 



k'ii 



.p-rm 



Mav ■; 



Mav 



ad 



.,,--; . 



lit. 



oom.-m ->|.|| ,ir-,i — sio.io on.- I. oil, 



isn, menhaden, Lpfayettes and 



males; spennaries small: atoms 



H .i.i.— ''■ males. 6 females; stom- 

 •stines of one remains of crabs, 

 .stly sona-whai soft, and out, on 



3 2j Weakfish {>'■).- 5 male-, one female. Three 

 " i and other males nearly so. Sfoin- 



m.-ile-. quit*! 



achs with (ish an.. ._ 



May :;:>. Sturgeon. Gravesend Bav.— Female. UfJO pounds!; 

 ova nearly litre, 



-lime 2, ^loontish.— Female; stomach i 

 parently just spawned. 



mpty. 



nics: ap- 



thoy 



■ti^iti. 

 .-ill 1 



:eln 



KFOIlll-l w 



-n- was -.-.i-ii 

 as to the ge 



ill stale that the i inn- coveredhy the 

 i-t, that we are. not prepared to draw 



al food of the IL-hes cxami 



wning of th- lish. 

 :ein theconiitrv t, 

 us from all parts 



obs' 



is probably the best j. 

 ies. as there are speei 

 there. 



Mr. Page— This question of the food of o 

 important one, and one in which t hen- has 1 

 taken lately on account of thed; 

 poingon in'FOREST and Stream and Other 

 the menhaden fisheries. It has been ekum.-< 

 of the menhaden for oil is depriving i heal i i| 



lis 





found ti 



,. 



nil 

 wh 



jiromisii 

 ch are l 



■ •linanei 



g 



il 



oi I 



id to 



lie- 



,m| 



- say, 

 ol the enlarged 

 nee of fish food 

 and their auxil- 



er seriously the 



i ibTSai 



ud longW if it should be ,1. -li. e.l import 



Mr. K. a. Blackford: 



l)E.M>. Sill I I- I- 



I..H,.- vorl: vvhich 1 1. 

 tion during the past f 



&d t0 a 



ivided as 



BKOOKI.VN. ,l'l 



port b..\on asfoHo\ 



ent lish hatcheries nowmop- 

 iccnpicd in hatching salmon eggs 

 IS, whieh also hatch tin- t;ne -al- 

 hati bin;- salmnn. whitetish find 

 wiiiteiish and pikespercb, The 

 has been in operation for about 

 filtcen years, and the latest for two year-; the principal ones 

 have existed since 187a The entire cost of these public estab- 

 lishment- i. 



The whole number of fish bred ond distributed from 18(Stf to 

 ISM is about One hundred and five millions, of which about 

 twenty and a halt millions wen- salmon, and about sixty-nine 

 and a 'half millions were whitefish. 



The. total -ateh of these two kinds of flMi in the live provin- 

 ces whero hatcheries exist is «iven in the census returns as 



Salmon :i,ai3,0OO lbs. -i.-.J-J.SIMi lbs. 



Whii-i.-;. i,(ii);:,Joo lbs. 7,648,!«10 lbs; 



The ditference is seventeen per cent, under the natural 



Increase during ' he decade 

 increased numbers of fishc 

 lar-t ten years, and the ue 

 triots far removed from a 

 hatcheries, the general evi 



Of -onllli- r-:i..l b. 



special comparative inatan 

 for example, the two hat 

 fish products of th- inai iti 



isvdering the 

 f nettiugiti the 

 places and dis- 

 t fry from the 

 is not tuns far 



l. MrlK.NAi.n-I would call 

 on to the following extracts ft 

 th. Superintendent of Fisherie 

 /ningof themcklislioi striped 

 mtes under date of June'-', 1 

 le propagation of rock 1 am gr 

 perations. Last year I eaus.d 

 use tish in the market at Weld 



id, but 



and next year I'rof. Rice will also 



s. Fulton Market 



pur m these stud 



if the coast found 



iurfisb.es is a most 



aeon much interest 



which have, been 



papers concerning 



a that the capture 



id bass and other 



i-iiliam-n fishers 



edbass eats the uicnhud-n. oul if 



ibsist largely on this fish. It 



niiieni must invcsli-.alc this 



11 the attention of the Asso- 

 from a letter from Mr. S. F. 

 ies of South Carolina, on the 



tin 



ate, 



of 



Ha-( 



of which 



II 



ichrdthc 



at Weld 



udeuce, I put 



and while there nine ripe i 



ing from thirty-five poum 



..I those were taken be tin 

 The Spawn was taken' f ion 

 two other lish wereunwit 

 detected by ihe possessors, 

 and eggs were taken, impr 

 was twenty thousand lis'.i 



f period 

 ■re this ses 

 at Weldo; 



;('.,.-! 



.ii: 



i of the apj 

 ag points, v 

 a; that the 



loss of foi ty per ci 

 the. rmimpregnatc 



the lilxrati d 



to ripen 



Mt 



taken i 



partially spent. 

 ripe, and one on ] 

 running. On Ma 

 other of :! lbs., wl 

 Of th.- fourteen 



i sal,,, on hatchery at the > 



«ia coast of Nova 



lalifax. and the Sandwich \ 



hatchery 



real lakes, in Ontario, as .-a- 



tel'lV Ond WCSH.-l lv 



oth of these hatcheries were 



started about the 



1 have been some time in 0] 



eration. 1 her,- i- 



of tine- for realization: and 

 with the salmon try at Bed! 



xi be perfectly s,irc 



■ ■ hatched 



B., also in -Nova Scotia, and 



1 add in the whitt- 



jrted at Sandwich the retur 



led from New Cas- 



The number ol salmon Erj d 



istributed in Nova 



millions and a .pi ui- r. TI 



i catch of Balmon 



,.-. bj i ; nsuaof 1871, wa 



i B43,JS00 tha.; an i 





- 



iiotwitlistandine other eaus 



- which should 11U- 



tish liaieh rej 

 tie, Ontario, 



Scotia was si 

 ill that prov: 

 for is-; it. .v., 

 fifty per cent 



prove th,- field, suoh as protect 

 young wlnti-fisli distributed m Oi 

 in, iiibei'.-.d si.\t\ -live millions se\ 



catch of wiiiteiish in the same provmuo, <iy «ibi;ijihiu.i.i i -.■, 

 was I. :.'-'.'. "no lbs : and by that of L88l,ltwas .•.i.i.n.-.-oii lbs. 

 This improveuieiil in the wiiiteiish lishery may b- due in a 

 measure to artili.ial hatching, liu 1 ■■ , ■■' d.,.- in local, 



adent entirely on nat.ni.-d sources; and u i- indisput ■ 

 able that the yearly catch from !-■■•". DO U81. in the ImmecUa* 

 vicinity of the Sandwich Hatchery, has declined. 



i he state of the salmon fishery in Nova Scotia is unquestion- 

 ably against us. But the weakest of all is the case where we 

 ou.jit to be strongest— at the parent establishment, from 

 which live million six hundred thousand young saimou have 



nil. 



,pi 



mnd spent, and an- 

 ion! all except two 



jon wasdirccled to 



uinodon February .!. the 



nnation 3 the rest of the 

 ripe; piece of 4 marine 



Four 

 •ived. 

 whilp 

 being 

 hous- 



in watei'the 

 iryo tish, by 



ii causes u to 

 are very oUy 

 ssoi impreg- 



.valei : 1 1. al. a 

 . bewail ; I lull. 



1 . the yolk of 

 lil'ul shade of 



I |.-il ova and 

 t. apui.ulof 

 degreef.wijh- 



II a lr.i\ 1,10- 



9. Also, that 

 hai the body 



1 



: , inch; that 



i-ati 1 i;ii'.i ing 



growth, vei 



imi oi h.'i- u- 

 k-ealed no pig- 

 s. 1 further 



vear ,va. bed 



4.5U0. 1 was told that last v.-.n ,iv times 

 caught; that several years back n ■ 

 pounds weight have been taken on ope slide i 

 that the numbers of abolish have -tea-lily declined; that the 

 river is infested with innumerable catfish* Teaching to mil- 

 lions, the great majority, ui fact nearly ull, uoi exceeding a 

 hand's length." 



T 



THE FISHERIES EXHIBITION. 

 HE fact that fishery exhibitic 



the ova of some other fish. 



!7. Eels.— S?j-5-'<i pounds; ovaries quite 

 u stomach, 

 louuder.— Two pounds; nothing in stomach; 



ngJer tish.— Yellow perch in stomach; ovaries 



lav ID." Mackerel.— Up to May I the ovaries and 



rv was found. The stomachs, of most 

 n. d wen- idled with small reddish ci us 

 ;hrimp, small shells, and iu the last two 

 e stomachs were literally packed with 



certainly w< 



mid hove 



of the Urst 



veek, anio 



told, does m 



1 include .- 



unssioners. 



1! these 



would be ve 





on Monday, 



May 14, t 



the general 



jublie, wa 



-lo.ui.io in roi 



nd numbe 



entrance ass 



ureel me t) 



the building 



thai day. 



number, il 



s perhaps 



nternational 



an. 



other- 



years. IliiV'l 



el 

 it. 



n such 

 11 >;m: 

 .0 iii.,11 

 But if 





, th 



•v most 



by the vast 



at: 



•ndaiice 





■I'n 



s. I am 



h£^ v th! 



:;;, 



number 

 endance 



sniueoithcexhibiti, 



oso who 

 •er. Hiai 

 tfonged 

 rowdof 

 no days 



only was the \-ast labyr 

 crowd, thiough which r 



