1883.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



449 



PiioTF.ruoN in i'Ihkv! S.u-rn Bay.— The Bout-h SiAt 8fy- 

 ■ . ol !'. ■■". ■->- 1. .ti. i.. 1 . vu-: "Tbe South Side Association 

 for Hi" Preservation of Fisn uad Game fias gone to wots in 

 liorni il I i break tip tbe' drift netting 6f flsh in Fire Island 

 Inii'i. Several parties b&ve beet] arrested under thai portion 

 of tin' game law thai prohibits the hauling of note ;it night, 

 ttnd the setting of drift nets tn the channels. Ana conse 

 inline.'/ the bay i- I airly alive with bluehsh, and tllOSe en 

 gaged in legal netting are reaping a rich harvest, On Mon 

 day morning last George Sammis, in company witb Bcotl 

 Millard, rook ova 6,000 Irhiefisti from th.-ir nets The fish 

 average abonj &j pounds each, and the entire catch will 

 probably return about shoo All tin- other n«t fishermen 

 did in mi i\ as « ell. So much for giving the lish a chanoe to 

 come ii|iiittii the bay." We learn thai do Ices than five per 

 sons who were fishing with "fly nets" were arwatod laal 

 we'efc Tboy were punished with from thirty days'impris 

 ijiuiii.-nt to Buy dollars fine, it has lone been It matter of 

 surprise to anglers thai the hotels and others permitted such 

 open violations of tht Jaw aahaa been done for the past ten 

 yoafcs. or more on this valuable fishing ground. Pound nets 

 have been set iu Fire [stand channel contrary to law and to 

 tie oteatrucriotl of fishing- iu this grenl natural fishing 

 grouHd. [t, is time that something wufidono, and we hope 



Tint iln association will continue the good work. 



common salmon of the same age when kept In captivity. 

 I'li.'\ endured their confinement perfectly well, arid their 



Two years later, the young salmim had beccma< very beauti- 

 fill fish, some of them Weighing two kUogramuies. InOcto 



>■■!■. i vv i. Several individual! ideul signs of spawn. 



Artificial fertilisation was attempted, but the egga taken 

 appeared to in- Ii.-kIK developed, and gave no result Then 

 al). or nearly all males and females, which had appeared ready 

 t.. jjpavs n. died. 



The fallowing year, l«SS, again In the month oi October, 

 these fiRh once more manifested a desire to spawn, and on the 

 tMth of October several females yielded about 1,500 eggs, 

 which an altempi w.-..- made to fertilize l>v the milk '.I a trout. 



asripe male sal,,,, ,n werelacking at the feme. The operation 

 was unsuccessful. Butafewdsys later individuals of both 

 Sexesbeing readj to spawn, it wa- possible |,. rake and fertil- 

 ize in lie -pace..! five weeks nearly ::u.i 



Cnfortuuately th» lack of a sufficient uumber of hatching 

 trough necessitated the keeping of the eggs tor several days 

 in a space two confined. \nd besides the wen* of repairing 

 the water pines which feed the aqnm-ium, permitted for a 

 while imlv the use Of UUfiltered water, ft isto these two 

 causes that we must attribute the failure of the greater num- 



Gt'l.OUADO Tun, vix.. 

 nun are doing Very littli 

 tin- city limbs compelled 

 they have on) lib \ ■•! dect 

 son' opens he 

 and lawyer Frs 

 <>n their annual 

 Colorado for ti 

 Jolut P. Low** 

 information w 

 outfit, John cat 

 nml what Iu don't know 

 wouldn't ii|| „ very large 



the Brat 



Upp] 



- Denver, Col., June 39.— The rifle- 

 shooting here, as the extension oi 



then, tn leave their old range, and 

 ded on a new one. The fishing- sca- 

 nt .luiv. and ey-Yostmaster Byers 

 lUg H> Mi. I. lie I'nrk almiit the ISrh 

 expedition. Tourists coming In 

 shooting, will do well to call On 

 in dealer in sportsman - goods, for 

 i and if they stand iu need of an 

 i il. i- every inch ti gentleman, 

 iiimii the irame resorts of this Slate 

 book,— That Oi-in i: l-i.iv. 



ing. 



The 



nil 



r.i.vi h Bass rs Lake Erie. -Erie, l.-i.,. lime 30.— The 

 tishing for black hass has been good all spring, hut of late 



ha- I'allcii nil >niin » hat, and parlies have lieci g(Sng OVC1' 



to Long Point, (ainnla. twenty-eighl miles distant, and re 

 turning nearly ev*ry time loaded. 1 believe the bass taken 

 tlnii -at present arc mostly of thi large-mouth species. The 

 Lena Kuohloch fishing party returned from Long Point at 

 inidnighl on Friday night. "There were sixteen small boats 

 with thirty two occupants fishing all daj and the total catch 

 was ."ii;t fish, mostly large Mack hags, Hi:,vi».u;trr. 



KisiuNc. H it ii the Ft, v.— We have received proofs oi 

 plates Of Bios to illustrate the forthcoming hook ou "Fishing 

 With 'he Fly." by Mr, C. F. Orvis. assisi.-d |, V Mr. A. N. 

 Cheney Vfc have before announced the fad that such n 

 book, V iih articles on dilt'ctenl kinds of fish hy well-known 

 writers, wild in progress. Till' plates are exceedingly fine 

 ami -iw promise of a valuable work. It will probably be 



l-ued in the enurse ol u month. 



in v. >> Bassj in nil: scuiyi.kij.l. — Bftaa fishing in the 

 tJChuylkill about Reading is not goon. A.I thispoiW Ihc 

 fir-h iake all bail early iu the season belter than in ;he 

 months ol July .ml August Residents state that from the 

 miiiilli ■ n|' July until Sepieinber tew will be lakeu there. 

 The heii\\ rains of this week have rendered the waters no 

 muddy thai little can he done until they become clear. — 

 IJnwo, 



I, ami. ITubron. — Monsou, Me.. June 30. — The Piseala- 

 i|iii- ■ilamc and Fish Protective Society of Monsou, Me. , 

 purchased 50,000 brook trout fry of the Mt. Kineo hatching 

 works, and they were turned into Lake Hebron ou the 28th 

 inst. Many large brook trout have been caught in Lake 

 Hebron this spring, weighing from two to four and three- 

 quarter pounds.— J. F. SriiM;i'i.. 



VTlSCHESrbOHi Mass.— Mr. B. 8, Merrill's party have iv 



turned from ihe CanatjM woods and report having had. excel- 

 lent success in taking I rout, both as to numbers and si/... 

 taking many from three to six: pounds each, also one of ten 

 and another of twenty-five pounds, this last taken hy Mr. 

 Myron AV. Whitney, of Boston. 



SA1.XJON on the Rr.srrnori ue. — We understand thai lie- 

 salmon are niuuing in huge quantities on the Restigouche, 

 and that, several tons have been shipped from Campellon 

 -inee .lime I. This is good news and will in part make 

 mil ■ml. for the unsatisfactory lishiug of the past two years. 



MioaxQAK. — Liudeu. — (JJood fishin.L'' in this part of Michi- 

 gan for has,- pickerel, etc Linden is ou IV (J. H. & M. II. 

 .R.. fiftj-tive miles weal of Detroit, iuyone coming here 



i, ■ ■ accommodated with boats, etc.— "Wm, H. O." 



SmauPBHEAD at Baiikkoat.— June 30.— Sheepshead tish- 

 ing at Baa-negat was never better. Thomas M. Dickson, of 

 Philadelphia, on June •?«, between 9 A. M, and noon, look 

 twelve weighing 108 lb.-.— Homo. 



Lauok TaOcT.— Qeorgc H. Comstock. of Ivoryton, Conn., 

 la I fall i aught with a fly in the Kennebec River, below the 

 dam, in one day, twelve trout, weighing forty pounds and 

 one ounce -rF F. 



rgml\ culture. 



CALIFORNIA SALMON BRED IN CAPTIVITY 

 \^7"Egive below a translation of an ext remdv interesting 

 V» papei to MM. It.n "ret- Wnttel and Bartet, od the suc- 

 '■•■ .ful hail aa.-o'iied frfim salmon iu the Troca- 



ilen, Aquarium, Paris: 



•■mi He- 35th ol Octobsr, 1878, the aqiinriiun of the Troen- 

 ilren ee-ived irmn the National Society of Aeclimatation, ten 

 tbousand eggs of the California salmon (Oncorhynchnii quin- 

 e.-'i. part of a shipment made by Mr. Spencer F. Baird. 

 United Si ate- ( 'ommissioiier of Fisheries. These, eggs, iu which 

 the embryos ware already well advanced, soon hatched. The 

 irons and their development rapid, at least 

 I'rniu the time (January I, IHTti) when, the aquarium haviug 

 being handed over to the Municipal Government, and given 

 in charge of an engineer of the service of the parks and walks 

 ni'iiie eit\ ,,i Paris, care was regularly given to the different 

 tfeh which occupied the i inks. 



the enuug salmon, liberal) v fed upon the chopi>ed-np tlcsh 

 oi the u Intetish. attained iu one year the weightoftiSO grammes. 

 At this time almost all lost the dre»s of the earliest life to 

 assume the beautiful silver reflections of the smofts, but they 

 did not show th,.- restlessness whion is usually observed in the 



interest- 

 lii uitha^pecie- which is foreign and 

 is, esseuuauy migrnimv. and which has thus adapted itself at 

 once to a new climate and to a complete change in its habits. 

 The acquisition of the speoies would seem therefore easily to 

 be brought about, and it would be es| iallv useful i nsid- 



Bi-ing the restocking of those water courses which flow mtn 

 the Mediterranean, in which the common salmon is unknown 

 and probably would not succeed, while the California salmon, 

 which shows itself in America down to the thirty-fifth 

 parallel of latitude (thai ism -a\ much further south than 

 Salltio solar), could apparently be acclimatized in thp. Rhone, 

 the Aude. and the Horault. 



The individuals ivllicll biUl spawn, il sOtm Uieil. 



THE AMERICAN FISHCULTURAL ASSOCIATION. 



|1',hici:kiiini;s ihntimkii ] 



Si \ii.-ii: Turin H.miits a.\t> ExTKHiir;.\n.iN 



BY KRBD MATHEH, 



\fKST w-hieli the lishcilhurist who ha- large pinel- pffien 

 ha- to contend" With Is th.' little ii>h, or lishes. for there 



pumpkin --il. . 

 chuhf. and are i 

 ture and hahits, 

 eves." -rock b 

 Within the disti 

 Carolina. Prof. 

 enumerates ele.v 

 and this region- 



made by tin 

 pond: and r 

 a li-h thai 



.lopularlv called suiitisli, pondfi-sh, 

 ise fish belong to the family Ceatrar- 

 dated to the iilaek tm.->. both in sti-uo 

 mediate link being found in the, "red 

 d the "war month" of the South. 

 of the Mississippi and north of North 

 in In- '.Manual of tin- Vertebrates," 

 nd twenty six species of gunfishes, 



dollu 



ieh, 



i the little 

 e in the 



n.l i 



odll 



' wood- shed by ■' 

 chool, I now look 

 Sentiment has no 

 tbe suntish eoil- 

 Ir does not eveu 

 my extent, for its 

 longer, make it a 

 ■ trimuieilol)' if is 



ast at 

 furnish food to other and better 

 strong spines, which are elected i 

 thomy moutliful. Even when thei 

 the poorest of baits, for the pike 

 sight and do not seem to investigate its improvcil condition 

 anil thus learn that the imlh iilual before them has beeJi dis- 

 eriiicd. There are eoniparativeK large species, which in 

 some waters grow to a .quarter of a pound in weight, but take 

 the list, as they run ill the ponds, they BeldOni reach two 



Tlie'f'oodol the suntish is worms. Hies, crustaceans ti-heg..- 

 and small fish, especially those which have soft QnS, EOT th?-\ 

 do uoi relish their own spinous relatives. Consequently they 

 are formidable competitors tor the food of the young of Valua- 

 ble fishes, even if they did nol devour them, but when their 

 predatory hubits are added to their consumption of Other 

 food, and their fecundity is also known, they at once become 

 recognized as among the most injurious iocs to lishcultur-. 



My attention was strongly called to this tish this spring. 

 Near the hatehe.rv.it (old Spring Harbor. Long Island, of 

 which I have had charge this year, are i he mill ponds belong- 

 ing to the Messrs. .Tones, by whose liberality the hatchery was 

 leased for a nominal sum to the New York Fish Commission. 

 I had some young land-locked salmon, and Mr Town-end 

 .lone:- wished totn some of them in the lower pond, which is 

 deep and cold hut is Infested with suufiBh. I recommended 

 placing the fish in the upper pond where the trout are more 

 plentiful, and where the spring streams would afford food 

 and protection to the fry. until large enough to run down into 

 the i WO lower ponds. Mv. Jones feared tliev would interfere 

 with the trout, and we compromised the matter by placing 

 some in each pond, [a the lower pond, where the siiufish are 

 most plentiful, we placed 8,300 young land-locked salmon, of 

 an inch or more m length, by setting them out in the springs 

 bordering the pond. We watched them, and saw the suntish 

 waiting for those which went down into deeper water, hut 

 could not see thai any w ere caught. The next day Mr. Jones 

 captured a Btmflsh which had thirtv-live young sa.linon in its 

 stomach, just one per cent, of the plant: \i ibis rate it would 

 Ired suntish to consume-tlie ent 



ida; 



id i 



:-d th;- 



tlu 



and- 



fish in the la 



About the middle of May, in this vicinity, the suntish makes 

 its nest near tbe shores or on shallows. l,\ sweeping a spot 

 twelve or fifteen inches in diameter in the gravel. The male 

 and female occupy the nest and fight off all intruders in th.- 

 pond mentioned there is a spot near the Hume where, a space 

 t went v-tiveteet long by fifteen wide contains over two hun- 

 dred nests. King as thicUK as it is possible l,,r ,ii , ,,- i ,, I,. 

 On the first day of June I noticed thai thev were spavi nine, 



the female slowlv turning around in the nest, a ndt he mal ing 



around outside of her. They would come together and lie 

 upon their sides, with their vents in contact and their heads 

 apart, and, by motion of their tails nun round on a point of 

 which her dof-sa 1 tin was the pivot. 1 incline to think that all 

 the eggs are not laid at oue time, but that altogether eaeli 

 female deposits from five to ten thousand "ggs in the season. 

 There are probable ten thousand such nests in Mr. Jones's 

 pond, as they can be seen all along the shores in from two to 

 four feet of water, seldom deeper than live feet. 



In the course of my lishcultural life, 1 have been applied to 

 many times hy persons who wished to stock ponds with valu- 

 able llsb, to know bow to get rid of suntish. They have often 

 asked if explosion woujd not be effective, and "I have told 

 them ih.n it would, but it would also kill every other living 

 thing in the water, nod that their pond would he barren of all 

 such valuable fish-food as insect larva? and crustaceans, and 

 that the remedy was as bad as the disease. All that then sug- 

 gested itself was persistent, netting, and this entails much 

 labor and seldom catches the last tish. Tliis spring, white 

 wntclmig the nests, it occurred to me that the young crop 

 could be effectually killed off by rowing around the ponds ana 



dropping a piece of Quicklime as large as a robin - 

 each nast, perhaps through , i tube, which would deliver it ex- 

 actly. This plan woflld not interfere with the Waters in the 

 deeper parts, nor with the li-lu.-s. and ii pursued until the 

 original stock died 0U1 would appear to be effectual, I have 

 recommended this plan to Mr. Jones, and, if time permits 

 will assist, him in earrvlug it out. 



LOBSTERS. 



lol 



1,1,1, 



Ma 



The . 



In 



in oi Johnson .v Young, tin- large 

 ridge, Boston, but think it besl bo 

 trom a report on the Ce-llecl ion of 



rms, Kehinoderin-. and Sponges. 

 anal Fisheries Exhibition „t l.,,n- 



in. Curat f the Hepaitmom ol 



• Cni ted States National Museum 



"The lobster i- bi tar tin- , lU „i important crustacean occurr- 

 ing upon the coasts of the United States, and gives rise to an 



extremely valuable fishery It is confined to the Atlantic side 

 of the continent, and ranges from Delaware, in the south, to 

 Labrador, iu the north. The most southern fishery is a wmol) 



one in the neighborh 1 of Ulantic Citj and Long Branch. 



New Jersey. Lobsters were once i Icrateh a taut in 



New York Bay, and uci'e taken there [or market, but the 



Ed t 



! l.i 



dei 



the 



east, 



eth Island.-, and Manila's 



re abundant and afford a 



•ol Massacliusofisabouuds 

 rot the bottom is -ilitable 



iri\ depleted son he 



ice prolific. .-,-. al I'locine.- 



Island. Montana Foil 

 Vineyard, they becoi 

 very profitable Bsh&fy 



and early fall. The ei 

 in lobsters, whenever 

 for them, but o\. i lis 

 shallow water areas. i 

 town. The -an'li shl 



abunil.'ini on lb' Man. 

 and I he * early fishery 



•The lobster ti.-ini \ . a- a distinct industry, commenced on 

 tin- Massachusetts, eoasl about the beginning of the present 

 century, and on the Maine coast about ism. it has rapidly 



developed lo lie- piv-eht lime. \l Bret, lobsters were 



CrequemMj found, during the summer, in some favorable 

 I oe.ilitic- al or near low-water mark, especially on the Maine 

 eoasl. win re liny dd be gaffed out from under the protec- 

 tion oi overhanging rocks and scaweads. Thev rarely occur 

 in such situations now. and the fisher) Is mainly carried on in 

 depths of a few fathoms to SO or SO fathoms, but sometimes in 

 depths of 40 to 'ID fathoms. On the coast of Nova Scotia, lob- 

 sters are about as common as on the Maine coast, put further 

 to the north thev become less abundant again. Theyhave 

 been lakeu <>u SOTU6 of the nothing fishing banks, such as 

 c.-orge's Bank, bid are not Ashed for at am great, distance 

 from land. 



"The lohsi.ertislierj 

 wooden framework I 

 :ommon house-laths, 

 shape, bein: 



dr 



above, and with 

 each end, or at one a 

 long, and about is-in 

 smaller sizes with om 

 nels are occasionally ' 

 The old style ,,| i„l 



i- regularly earned on l,v means ol 

 aps, or pots, generally constructed of 

 They are usually made senii-cylin- 

 flat below, rounded at the sides and 

 -work or wooden fuunel-entianc" at 



to »hieh the line tor loweriri 

 fastened. This style of pot. [,,: 

 peared from the coast, a- it re, 

 only a tew could be tended bj 

 cylinder pots are baited in Tin 

 tish, which an- fastened on a 



Thev are weighted Willi -ton. 



nze. up to I feet or more in 

 gedbut little, and furnished 

 lent, or with twine leaders, 

 t, as well as Ha- bait, was 

 now almost entirely disap- 

 •ed constant attention, and 



•titer with aheap or refuse 

 upright, spearlike holder 

 and lowered and raised bv 

 means ol a rope attached to Ihe end of the pot. The nun, be, 

 of pots used bv each lisli, i inan varies iu different localities, 



ranging all the way from - or III to UIO. The averag, inber 



mav be said to be about 60 or W. The pots are set either 

 singly ... attached together m trawls, the character of the 

 bottom, abundance „i lobster-, and custom regulating this 

 matter. When set trawl-fashion, the pots can be handled 

 much more easily than otherwise, and this method is generally 

 preferred on foeooasl of Maine, wh.-r.-ver lobsters m abun- 

 dant and theboltoni nottoo rough. The pots arc fastened 

 together in strings of In ,..,- „ ,1,,/en lo ",0 or i;u, at distances 



end. The fisherman pays out hi.- 1. •lister'" trawl in a Straight 

 line, beginning at one end, and marks the ends with kegs or 

 small woodeu buoys. After remaining down a sufficient length 

 of time, generally twenty-four hours, he proceeds to ••xamme 

 his pots, beginning at one end of the Irani and underrunnin. 

 it to the other. The general a rrangenicnt of ihe i.raw] i- i,,,t. 

 therefore, disturbed; but the pots, after thev have been 

 examined, fall back again into nearh- the same placee which 



they previously upi.il. In setting the pots singly, each litis 



a separate ' 



i from one to the 

 scattered, this is the prefers 

 they are shitted slightly "i 

 are supposed thercbx to fish , 

 is probably the one most i 

 entire coast. It is customai 



ng, 



olh. 



"Die principal lobs 

 Boston, and New Y. 



posed of to the fresh 



.le way of setting the pots, as 



y\ time ihey axe hauled, and 

 a. h better, lb- lattei method 

 u'ver.-allv employed along- t he 

 lo visit the pots early every 



' the-, 



ributed thn 



lly in the t 



hifelT, prized '.:e fc ...I lur.iv th ■ I 

 duration, lasting only about two, tin 



which time, and until the next seas 



fisheries, or in farming, mining, or ot 



son's stock seldom exceeds a few Inn 



"The canning of lobsters in the Uni! 



fined to the coast of Maine; and most 



i-e„U,e! 



ithoul it 



ich of 



fresh 



ping interest- tin- Maine lobster fishery 

 its prestige, as the majority ••! tbe lobs 

 the regulation size established by custo 

 kets. The market-smacks willseldora 

 ing less than ten or ten and a halt inches in length, and those 

 under this size are sold to the canneries. The canning industry 

 was first started about 1840, at Ea.stoori. Me., but several 

 years elapsed before it was successfully introduced. In !8-<(i 

 there were twenty-three canneries in Maine, with a total cap- 

 ital of 8289,000, remaining open from about April 1 to August 

 1, and giving employment to about 6S0 factory hands and 



