30 B GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 



angle east of Long Arm, and was reached by a small railway from 

 Anchor Cove. Many islands, of which the largest is named Lina Islam I 

 on the chart, are scattered in the northern expansion of the inlet. 

 The southern expansion may be called South Bay. It holds one large 

 island — South Island — and at its western side passes into a narrow 

 water which becomes Skidegate Channel, and communicates westward 

 with the ocean. 

 Mountains From the east shore of the islands the country rises gradually till at 



a^o/isiandL the narrow portion of the inlet, at Image Point, hills exceeding 1000 

 feet in altitude border it on both sides. Further westward the moun- 

 tains increase in height and become more rugged, till the mountainous 

 axis of the islands is reached. This crosses the inlet at Long Arm, 

 and shows several summits between 3000 and 4000 feet high, some of 

 which carry a little snow all summer on their shady sides. Their 

 outlines are not remarkably rugged. On the eastern flanks of the range 

 the mountains in several places show long slopes with steep escarp- 

 ments and other peculiarities of form usually found Avhere they are 

 composed of massive tilted strata. These are in this instance those of 

 the coal-bearing Cretaceous series. Westward of the axis the moun- 

 tains are again lower, with rounded forms. 

 Slate Chuck Many small streams flow into Skidegate Inlet, but none deserving to 



toMa^eL r0ute be called rivers. The most considerable is that which has been called 

 the Slate Chuck on the chart. It reaches the inlet about a mile north 

 of Anchor Cove, coming from a wide and low valley which runs north- 

 westward into the mountain range, and is nearly parallel to that occu- 

 pied by Long Arm. Slate Chuck Brook is so called from the fact, 

 mentioned by Mr. Kichardson,* that from a quarry a few miles up its 

 course the Indians obtain the dark shaly material from which they 

 make carvings. The Indians now appear to know little about the 

 upper part of the Slate Chuck, but say that it comes from a large lake, 

 from the other end of which (or near it) flows a stream which reaches 

 the head of Masset Inlet. In former years this route was occasionally 

 used, part of the distance being accomplished in canoe and pai't on foot 

 through the woods. Of late years it is supposed to have become impas- 

 sable from windfall due to fires. The Ya-koun Eiver was pointed out to 

 me in Masset Inlet as that by which part of the journey was made. 

 The distance in a straight line between tide-water at the two points 

 indicated is about twenty-five geographical miles, or twenty-eight and 

 a half statute miles. 



The shores of Skidegate Inlet are not so bold as those of the fiords 

 to the south, and are generally fringed with a beach of greater or less 



* Report of Progress, 1872-3, p. 61. 



