QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS. 83 B 



North-western Extremity of Graham Island, and North Island. 



On the east side of the point east of Pillar Baj^ on the north shore junction of 

 of Graham Island, the rocks, which are entirely, or for the most part, Tertiary.™ 

 of the Tertiary igneous series, are strangely disturbed. They dip at 

 high angles in various directions, and some beds have been shattered 

 in place. These appearances may indicate the existence of an important 

 fault. West of the point beds of the Cretaceous coal-bearing series are 

 found, and best exposed in the vicinity of the remarkable Pillar Eock. Pillar Rock. 

 This tower-like rock rises abruptly from the beach between tide-marks 

 to a height of about ninety feet. It stands near the eastern side of the 

 bay, with no cliffs or other rocks comparable in height near it, though 

 it is surrounded by reefs and rocks awash, and connected at low water 

 with a little low tree-clad islet, and with the mainland by a spit of sand. 

 It is composed of conglomerate, formed of well rounded but often very 

 large pebbles, clipping S. 43° E. < 45°. The bedding is distinctly seen 

 in the bare sides of the rock, and is also marked by the slope of its 

 summit, which is truncated by a parallel plane. 



From the Pillar Eock the conglomerates and associated sandstones Conglomerates, 

 are frequently seen along the shore to Parry Passage. The conglome- 

 rates greatly preponderate, but are well bedded, and contain layers of 

 thin-bedded sandstones, holding occasional large stones. They resemble 

 pretty closely the conglomerates of Subdivision B. at Skidegate, differ- 

 ing chiefly in the abundance of large well-rounded stones, which would 

 appear to indicate a rough shore-line. The pebbles are in some cases 

 of grey massive limestone, and of black shaly rocks like those of the 

 Triassic, while dioritic and granitic fragments are abundant. 



On the east end of Lucy Island and the reef running off from it, Rock of Xorth 

 conglomerates, with some shaly beds, are seen. These strike across in 

 the direction of the Indian village on North Island, and dip off a mass 

 of grey crystalline micaceous trachyte-porphyry. On the east coast of 

 North Island, conglomerates, underlain by thin-bedded sandstones and 

 dark shaly beds, continue for three miles, when they are replaced by 

 crystalline diorite, differing from the rock of Lucy Island, and probably 

 intrusive and of greater age than the Cretaceous series. The south-west 

 shore of North Island, to about the centre of Cloak Bay, is composed 

 of the Cretaceous rocks, bounded to the north-west by crystalline rocks 

 like those just mentioned, of which Lucy Island is also composed. At 

 the east end of Cloak Bay the conglomerates rise in cliffs and rugged 

 pinnacled rocks, against which the sea breaks with great fury in south- 

 westerly gales. The west side of Henslung Cove is of conglomerate, 

 the east of shaly beds and sandstones, which appear to overlie the last. 

 These are again followed in ascending order by massive conglomerates 



