92 b 



GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 



Caj'dium-like shell and fragments of a B alarms were also observed, but 

 all broken, and tender from partial decomposition. 



In general appearance with their relation to the sea level, and the 

 shells found in them, these beds resemble very closely those previouly 

 described as occuring in the vicinity of Victoria, on the south-eastern 

 extremity of Vancouver Island.* 



End of clay 

 exposures. 



Woody frag- 

 ments. 



Fossiliferous 

 -bed. 



Fig. 9. Section in Cliffs Noeth of Cape Ball. 

 a. Stratified sandy deposits. b. Imperfectly stratified clays. 



Ten miles north of Caj>e Ball the last large exposures of the clayey 

 beds forming the lower part of the section were observed. The clay is 

 here very hard, and in some places distinctly bedded, with occasional 

 gravelly layers, but these are not nearly so prominent as in the last de- 

 scribed localities. No shells were found, but fragments of wood partly 

 converted to lignite, — but still quite distinct in appearance from the 

 more highly altered wood found in the underlying Tertiary formation, — 

 were noticed in several places. The junction with the overlying sands 

 is generally sharp, and forms as before in many places an undulating 

 plane. The sands are in thin and regular layers of pale yellowish 

 colours, with some beds of well rounded gravel. In consequence of 

 the undulating upper surface of the clays, these rise considerably 

 higher above the water level in some places than in others, and where 

 the hard clays are most largely developed, the more prominent points 

 of the coast are found. Above both the clays and sands banks of wind- 

 blown sand are occasionally seen in section. 



In the narrow sound leading to the wide southern expansion of 

 Masset Inlet, eleven miles above Masset, at the mouth of a small stream 

 called Wa-toon, are some interesting exposures probably referable to 

 the upper part of the clay beds, or to the sands overlying them. The 

 bank here rises about eight feet above high-water mark, its upper half 

 being composed of regularly bedded coarse sands and fine gravels of 

 general yellowish colour. Below this, and usually meeting it at a 

 pretty well defined line, is a hard bluish-grey sandy clay, thickly 

 packed with rounded pebbles, generally about the size of walnuts, but 

 in some instances having a diameter of several inches. One small frag- 



* Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, Vol. XXXIV., p. 95., 187f 



