To Alfred E. C. Selwyn, F.E.S., F.G.S., 



Director of the Geological Survey of Canada. 



Sir, — The geological maps accompanying this report include an 

 area of about 6,000 square miles, surveyed by us in southern New 

 Brunswick up to 18*78, assisted in 1877 and 1878 by Mr. Wallace 

 Broad, B.A., and in 1877 by Mr. Frank Adams, B. Ap. Sc. Detailed 

 reports on various portions of the area have already been published 

 from time to time in the annual .Reports of Progress, and the present 

 report may be regarded as a resume of these, with a general statement 

 of the results of the work to date, especially in relation to the geologi- 

 cal structure of the region. The difficulties presented over a large part 

 of the area, from the wooded and unsettled character of the country, 

 have rendered the working out of the detailed structure in many places 

 almost an impossibility, and the authors wish it to be understood, that, 

 while they believe the maps as now presented are in the main correct 

 as to general features, some portions may be found, upon future and 

 more detailed examination, to require amendment. Especially does 

 this apply to the Silurian belt in western and northern Charlotte and 

 its extension east into Queens and Kings, where lack of roads and 

 good exposures, together with an entire absence of fossils, have ren- 

 dered the assigning of this group to any definite horizon a very difficult 

 matter; and for the present, although within the area there are rocks 

 which possess, lithologically, many characters in common with the 

 recognized pre-Cambrian as well as others of Silurian aspect, it has been 

 thought best to assign them provisionally to the Cambro-Silurian as 

 most in accordance with their apparent stratigraphical position. The 

 outlines of the different formations have been carefully traced and their 

 stratigraphical relations in most cases clearly made out. In addition 

 to the geological, a large amount of necessary topographical work has 

 been done. Surveys of roads have been made by odometer, chain and 

 pacing throughout the whole of the counties of Sunbury, Queens, 

 Kings, St. John and Albert, with portions also of Charlotte and West- 

 moreland, as well as many streams and coast sections. In addition to 

 the working out of the general geology, special examinations have 

 been made of the Grand Lake coal field in 1872-73 ; of the Albert and 

 Beliveau mining areas (Albert shales) in 1876 ; of the copper mines 



