4 D GEOLOGICAL SUKVEY OF CANADA. 



ate in which the fragments arc largely of petrosilex derived from the 

 inferior group. It is, however, questionable whether the unconforma- 

 bility thus indicated is sufficient to prove the fact of any considerable 

 lapse of time as having occurred between the two, they being very 

 generally found together, and exhibiting many features of close 

 resemblance, more especially as regards the abundance in both of 

 volcanic products. The extreme fineness of many of the rocks of 

 Division 3, together with the prevalence of breccias and the frequent 

 absence of recognizable stratification, in contrast with the schistose 

 character of Division 4 and the abundance in the latter of coarse 

 conglomerates, may be explained upon the supposition that they result 

 from differences in the conditions of deposition. 



In addition to the main belts of Coastal rocks (Division 4) above 

 described, areas of more limited extent are at various points met with 

 overlying or occupying low synclines of the Cold brook group (Division 

 3), as in the valley of Black Eiver, near Garnett settlement, in Cold en 

 •Grove and elsewhere. 

 Division 5. Division 5 derives its name from its great development in the King- 



vmgston group s ^ on p en j nsu i aj -which is almost entirely composed of the rocks of this 

 group, and whence it may be traced westward to the shores of Beaver 

 Harbour. The age and equivalency of these Kingston rocks, as well 

 as the somewhat similar belt of slate and diorite occupying the 

 Mascarene peninsula and thence extending through the chain of the 

 western isles, have been subjects of much discussion ; the uncertainty 

 as to their true position arising in part from the difficulty of obtaining 

 satisfactory stratigraphical data bearing upon the subject, and in part 

 from the close resemblance which many of them bear on the one 

 hand to the rocks of the Huronian system, and on the other to those of 

 the Silurian. The difficulty was further increased by the occurrence 

 at a variety of jDoints, as well in Washington county, Me., as in this 

 province, of fossils of Silurian aspect in rocks apparently forming 

 a portion of the Kingston series, and under circumstances which 

 seemed to point to this as their proper horizon. Thus, along the south 

 Fossils. side of the Long Beach, fossil corals and other forms were found by 



Mr. Matthew in 1878 to occur in a band of felspathic ash rocks, singu- 

 larly like some of those in the Huronian of St. John county, and which 

 had an apparent dip which would seem to constitute them the lowest 

 member of the rocks of the Kingston peninsula. Subsequent investi- 

 gations, however, served to show that these Silurian beds abut uncon- 

 formably against the crystalline rocks of the peninsula, and are of 

 much more recent age. In consequence of this discovery the typical 

 and crystalline rocks of the Kingston series, compared in earlier 

 reports with the Upper Silurian, were in 1878 referred back to their 



