SOUTHERN NEW BRUNSWICK. 21 D 



that this seam has been found at a great number of points, not only 

 around the entire rim of the Carboniferous basin of tho province I nit 

 also at various places in its interior area, leading to the supposition 

 that it covers an area of several thousands of square miles, the quantity 

 of coal underlying the surface, even if no lower seams should be disco- 

 vered at any point in the Carboniferous basin, is enormous. 



The other areas occupied by rocks of this formation are but small. 

 In southern Albert they are seen to occupy the shore as far west as 

 Herring Cove, with some few breaks which are occupied by rocks of 

 Lower Carboniferous age; this area is the westward extension of the 

 lower part of the celebrated Joggins section, and the beds are in many 

 places tilted up on edge and affected by faults often of considerable 

 extent. About Quaco and to the west as far as Gardener's Creek, rocks 

 of Millstone Grit aspect are seen overlying the red beds of the Lower 

 Carboniferous ; and at Tynemouth Creek attempts have been made with 

 a diamond drill to find coal, without meeting with any success. In 

 Charlotte county, the only known area is a small rim of the central 

 basin, which extends across the northern line of the county. 



Triassic. 



The Triassic of southern New Brunswick is limited in extent, small Distribution 

 areas only occurring in St. John county at Eed Head, Quaco and 

 Martin's Head, while in Albert county there is a small patch on the 

 east side of Salisbury Bay. In Charlotte county also, the western part 

 of the island of Grand Manan is occupied principally by traps of this 

 age, with a few exposures of red sandstone. The characters of the 

 rocks at these various localities are described iu the report of 1870-71, 

 and the only additional information on this subject since then has been 

 derived from the deposit which occurs at Martin's Head. The deposit 

 at this place was discovered in 1877, and is especially interesting as 

 containing lignite. The rocks are soft dull-red sandstones, succeeded 

 by soft greyish-yellow beds and soft brown shales with thin bands of 

 fine brownish conglomerate, which form a synclinal trough, resting 

 upon Lower Carboniferous sediments. The lignite is found principally Lignite. 

 in the soft brown shales, and has been examined by Principal Dawson. 

 He says : — " The specimens are of coniferous wood, with one large row 

 of disks in the cells, and of the same type with silicified wood from 

 Quaco, as also of the same type as Dadoxylon Edvardianum from 

 PrinceEdward Island, and similar to fossil wood from the Mesozoic of 

 Virginia. 



The Triassic of Quaco is confined to a small margin along the coast 

 at the Head and in the vicinity of the village. At the Head, the soft 



