22 D GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 



red sandstones of this age arc seen to abut directly against the conglo- 

 merates of the Lower Carboniferous, their contact being indicated by a 

 well-marked fault, which may, in the section through the village, be 

 concealed by drift, or they may lie in shallow unconformable basins of 

 very limited area upon the Lower Carboniferous beds. 



Syenite, Diorite, Felsite, &c. 



An extended report on these rocks is deferred pending their micros- 

 copic examination, but their general distribution and modes of occur- 



Syenite. rence may be briefly stated. Syenites of different characters and age 



are found at various points in southern New Brunswick. The largest 

 area is occurs in the county of Charlotte, and has been described in the 

 report (G. S. C.) for 1870-71 under the head of Nerepis Granite. It 

 has been considered as of probably intriusive character, and its age 

 as probably about the close of the Devonian. Scattered or detached 

 bosses also occur at points throughout the western portion of the 

 country. In places, as it approaches the slaty rocks on either side, it 

 is seen to shade off or to merge into a body of felsite or granulite, 

 which, in turn, appears to graduate through petrosiliceous rocks into 

 fossiliferous Silurian or other rocks. Near the contact of the Silurian 

 beds also, the slates have been metamorphosed and crystals of 

 andalusite and staurolite produced. 



This belt extends eastward into Queens county. Its prevailing 

 colour is pink or reddish, but at the St. John Eiver, below Hampstead 

 village, where a considerable area of syenite rocks, probably a spur of 

 the large mass to the west, is found, the colour is generally grey, 

 though pink shades also occur. This granite is extensively quar- 

 ried for building purposes ; while in the main area, in the vicinity of 

 St. George, in Charlotte county, extensive quarries are carried on, — a 

 large quantity of the stone being polished. The St. George works 

 have been described in the report of Mr. G. F. Matthew, 1876-77. 



Granite. Throughout the great belt of metamorphic rocks of pre-Cambrian 



age, syenites, granites and diorites are found. Of the syenites many 

 are evidently of metamorphic origin, the gradual passage from chlor- 

 itic slates, through schists and felsites, being plainly visible. They 

 are often chloritic or talcose, and have been described in former 

 reports under the head of protogine, but pinkish and grey granites 

 and syenites are also common. These differ from the former in charac- 

 ter, and often occur as dykes or veins. In the limestone, or upper 

 portion of the so-called Laurentian, in the vicinity of the Kennebecasis 

 Bay, these syenites are frequently seen cutting the limestones as well 



