116 Agassiz — Islands and Coral Reefs of the Fiji Group. 



sion of the elevated reef patches and bluffs visible on the 

 shore of Yiti Levn. I am informed by Dr. Corney that the 

 islands of Yiwa and Asawailau to the northward of the Nandi 

 waters are also remnants of this elevated reef. 



But the traces of extensive elevation are not limited to the 

 larger island of Yiti Levu. I found the islands on the rim of 

 the atoll of Ngele Levu to consist entirely of coral rock ele- 

 vated to a height of over sixty feet on the larger island. The 

 surface of the island where we crossed it was a mass of hum- 

 mocks of honeycombed, potted and eroded coral-masses resem- 

 bling in every way the elevated reefs with which I had become 

 familiar in the Bahamas, Cuba and Florida. The northern 

 sides of the island of Ngele Levu are on the very outer edge 

 of the rim of the lagoon, deep water running up to the shore 

 line. We next found that at Yanua Mbalavu the northern 

 line of islands were parts of an elevated reef forming vertical 

 bluffs of coral-rock which had been raised by the central vol- 

 canic mass of the main island to a height of over 500 feet at 

 JSTgillangillah, at Avea to 600 feet, at the Savu Islands to 230 

 feet and on the main island to a height of nearly 600 feet. On 

 the south of the main island the elevated coral bluffs are very 

 much lower, those of Malatta and Susni reaching a height of a 

 little over 400 feet. Going farther west and south we find at 

 Mango the vertical bluffs of an elevated coral reef of over 600 

 feet and underlaid by volcanic rocks which crop out at the sea 

 level. 



At Tavutha the coral limestone bluffs are probably 800 feet 

 high. At Naiau they are over 500 feet, at Lakemba they 

 reach a height of about 250 feet on the southwest side of the 

 island ; the rest of the island is volcanic. On the island of 

 Aiwa the elevated reef is fully 200 feet thick. In the Oneata 

 group the highest point of the elevated reef bluffs is about 

 160 feet. South of the volcanic island of Motha and enclosed 

 within the same barrier reef, on the island of Karoni the ele- 

 vated reef is about 120 feet thick. On the three islands of 

 the Yangasa group it attains a thickness varying between 240 

 and 390 feet, and finally on Ongea, the most southeasterly 

 cluster we visited, the elevated reef attains a thickness of nearly 

 300 feet. At Fulanga the elevated reef attains a thickness of 

 360 feet, at Kambara it is about 200 feet thick, and at 

 Wangawa it is perhaps over 300 feet : these islands are in part 

 volcanic. Finally at Yatu Leile, the most westerly island we 

 examined, the elevated reef forming the island is 110 feet 

 thick at its northern extremity. 



All this plainly shows that the southern part of Yiti Levu 

 and as far south as Yatu Leile, and the whole length of the 

 windward islands of the Fiji group from Ngele Levu on the 



