Botany and Zoology. 319 



characteristic feature of plant-structure or plant-life is described 

 from illustrative material, special emphasis being laid on those 

 points which can be directly observed. The facts are presented 

 in a popular yet scientific manner and are usually supplemented by 

 suggestive questions or directions for the pupil. The numerous 

 figures, which were drawn from nature by Professor Holdsworth, 

 add very much to the value of the book. a. w. e. 



Garden- making. Suggestions for the utilizing of Home Grounds, by L. H. 

 Bailey, aided by L. R. Taft, F, A. Waugh, and Ernest Walker. New York, 

 1898 (The Macmillan Company). 



4. Catalogue of the Maclrep ovarian Corals in the British Mu- 

 seum. Vol. iii, Montipora and Anacropora; by Henry M. 

 Bernard. London, 1897, 4to., 1 92 pages, 34 plates. — This handsome 

 volume is devoted mostly to the genus Montipora, which is one of 

 the most extensive genera of reef-corals, and also one in which the 

 species are very hard to determine or define, owing to their great 

 variability, as well as to their large numbers. In this work the 

 author recognizes 135 species, of which 81 are described as new. 

 They were represented by 450 specimens, but, as the author 

 states, many of the species are only represented by a single speci- 

 men, sometimes only a fragment. Very likely a larger series of 

 specimens might serve to unite some of these forms, but doubtless 

 many more remain to be discovered. 



The descriptive part of the work is preceded by a historical sketch 

 of the knowledge of the genus, and of the various views that have 

 prevailed, as to its affinities. Its structure is also discussed, as 

 well as the distribution of the species. No species is known from 

 the Atlantic Ocean, but they are everywhere abundant in the 

 warmer parts of the Indo-Pacific region. The new species are 

 beautifully illustrated by photographs reproduced by the collo- 

 type process, and also by greatly enlarged lithographic figures of 

 one or more calicles and the surrounding structures. 



Of Anacropora, six species are recognized and. described. The 

 work is thoroughly well done. a. e. v. 



5. A Text-book of Zoology ; by T. Jeffrey Parker and Wil- 

 liam A. Haswell. 2 vols., 8vo, 1402 pages, 1171 cuts. London: 

 Macmillan & Co., 1897. — This is in every way an admirable text- 

 book of zoology, and exceedingly well adapted for advanced 

 students. Yet it is written so clearly that it can be used even by 

 beginners. The illustrations are profuse and have been selected 

 with excellent judgment from the most reliable sources. The 

 subjects are taken up in accordance with their sequence in the 

 classification adopted, each of the larger groups having a section 

 or chapter devoted to it. At the end of the second volume there 

 are brief sections devoted to geographical distribution, the phil- 

 osophy of zoology, and the history of zoology, which add greatly 

 to the value of the work. 



In the system of classification adopted, perhaps the most un- 

 usual feature is the large number of primary groups or phyla. 

 Of these there are twelve, viz : Protozoa, Porifera, Coelenterata, 



