Geology and Mineralogy. 393 



•diverging from the line of pressure obliquely forward. These 

 fractures, in other words, converge toward the direction of the 

 source of the pressure. The paper is well illustrated and is full 

 of suggestions for structural geologists. h. s. w. 



2. Geological survey of the Witwatersrand, Southern Transvaal: 

 by Frederick H. Hatch. (Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc, liv., pp. 73- 

 99, 1898.) — The geological structure of this South African gold 

 region has been studied by Dr. Hatch during his occupation iu 

 the district as a mining engineer, and in the present article a 

 resume of what is known is clearly presented with diagrams and 

 map. The Cape system, which rests upon the Archaean, and is 

 followed by the Karoo system, or Coal Measures of this region, 

 constitutes the main body of rocks illustrated. The author finds 

 the Cape system to consist of about 50,000 feet of beds, made 

 up as follows : 



Magaliesberg and Gatsrand series 16,000 to 20,000 ft. . 



Dolomite Formation 6,000" 8,000" 



Black Reef Formation 20" 50" 



Klipriversberg Amygdaloid 5,000 " 6,000" 



Witwatersrand Beds 11,000 " 15,000" 



Hospital Hill series 8,000 " 10,000" 



H. S. W. 



3. Revised Text-Book of Geology by James D. Dana ; edited 

 by Wm. North Rice. 5th edition, revised and enlarged, pp. 

 1-482, figs. 1-464, 1898. (American Book Company.) — With 

 the increased size of the Dana's " Manual," such a book as this is 

 demanded for general classes, both in high schools and colleges 

 when an elementary, and not a complete technical knowledge of 

 geology is sought. The late author having completed with great 

 pains the " Manual," was at work upon the revision of the Text- 

 Book nearly up to the time of his death. Professor Rice, who 

 was a pupil of the author, has finished the task, carefully revising 

 the whole, with full appreciation of the spirit of the original, 

 which he has preserved with a loyal devotion. A few modifica- 

 tions are made, bringing the nomenclature and classifications into 

 harmony with common usage of the present date. 



"In the present edition, the bearing of various events in geo- 

 logical history upon the theory of evolution is pointed out, in the 

 appropriate places ; and in the closing chapter, which has been 

 entirely rewritten, the general bearing of paleontology upon evo- 

 lution is discussed." Some change has been made in the treat- 

 ment of the history of the Quaternary, and in the discussion of 

 Metamorphism the editor has departed from the views held by 

 the author. We also notice some changes in the order of discus- 

 sion of the divisions of the subject. Taken as a whole, the pres- 

 ent edition is well adapted to hold the same place of preeminence 

 which the earlier editions, prepared by the author's own hand, 

 have continuously occupied. h. s. w. 



4. On the genus Lepidophloios, as illustrated by specimens 

 from the Coal formation of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick; by 



