﻿J. 
  D. 
  Dana 
  — 
  Features 
  of 
  non-volcanic 
  Igneous 
  Ejections. 
  109 
  

  

  considered, 
  the 
  most 
  elevated 
  point 
  being 
  736 
  feet 
  above 
  high 
  

   tide.* 
  But 
  height 
  means 
  here, 
  not 
  larger 
  accumulation 
  of 
  

   igneous 
  rock 
  or 
  trap, 
  but, 
  simply, 
  greater 
  emergence 
  above 
  the 
  

   sea-level 
  ; 
  for 
  this 
  increase 
  northward 
  of 
  height 
  runs 
  parallel 
  

   with 
  a 
  like 
  increase 
  in 
  the 
  height 
  of 
  the 
  metamorphic 
  ridges 
  

   just 
  west 
  ; 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  continued, 
  at 
  a 
  diminished 
  rate, 
  into 
  

   Massachusetts. 
  

  

  Mt. 
  Carmel 
  has 
  resemblances 
  to 
  Pine 
  Rock. 
  Its 
  mean 
  

   course 
  is 
  E. 
  N. 
  E. 
  ; 
  and 
  a 
  north-and-south 
  trend 
  exists 
  in 
  its 
  

   western 
  part. 
  But 
  the 
  north-and-south 
  portion 
  in 
  Mt. 
  Carmel 
  

   is 
  a 
  large 
  feature 
  in 
  the 
  ridge 
  and 
  has 
  direct 
  continuity 
  with 
  

   the 
  east-northeast 
  portion. 
  

  

  The 
  ridge 
  is 
  divided 
  by 
  a 
  very 
  deep 
  and 
  open 
  gorge, 
  into 
  an 
  

   eastern 
  and 
  a 
  western 
  section. 
  The 
  gorge 
  is 
  often 
  called 
  the 
  

   "Neck," 
  and 
  the 
  high 
  summit 
  adjoining 
  it 
  on 
  the 
  west, 
  the 
  

   " 
  Head 
  " 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  Sleeping 
  Giant 
  " 
  — 
  a 
  name 
  suggested 
  by 
  the 
  

   form 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  as 
  it 
  appears 
  lying 
  on 
  the 
  northern 
  horizon. 
  

   Both 
  have 
  northern 
  and 
  southern 
  slopes 
  of 
  sandstone, 
  the 
  

   southern 
  going 
  about 
  half 
  way 
  to 
  the 
  top 
  above 
  its 
  base, 
  and 
  

   the 
  northern 
  reaching 
  a 
  greater 
  height. 
  

  

  The 
  western 
  section, 
  while 
  high 
  and 
  massive 
  at 
  its 
  eastern 
  

   extremity, 
  falls 
  off 
  rapidly 
  to 
  the 
  westward, 
  and 
  in 
  half 
  a 
  mile 
  

   is 
  reduced 
  to 
  a 
  narrow 
  trap 
  ridge 
  not 
  exceeding 
  100 
  feet 
  in 
  

   height 
  above 
  the 
  adjoining 
  country. 
  Through 
  this 
  part 
  within 
  

   300 
  yards, 
  pass 
  Mill 
  River, 
  a 
  north-and-south 
  carriage 
  road 
  

   (N. 
  20° 
  W.) 
  without 
  change 
  of 
  grade, 
  and, 
  a 
  few 
  rods 
  farther 
  

   west 
  a 
  railroad. 
  Along 
  the 
  railroad, 
  and 
  between 
  the 
  carriage 
  

   road 
  and 
  the 
  river, 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  the 
  trap 
  changes 
  from 
  about 
  

   north-and-south 
  ' 
  to 
  N. 
  10° 
  E. 
  ; 
  and 
  as 
  it 
  crosses 
  the 
  river 
  to 
  

   jN". 
  20° 
  E. 
  Thence 
  it 
  continues 
  on 
  to 
  the 
  summit, 
  widening 
  

   and 
  increasing 
  rapidly 
  in 
  height 
  and 
  curving 
  still 
  farther 
  

   eastward. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  section 
  in 
  the 
  railroad 
  cut, 
  the 
  trap 
  is 
  seen 
  resting 
  on 
  

   its 
  south 
  wall 
  of 
  sandstone, 
  the 
  wall 
  dipping 
  about 
  45° 
  — 
  appar- 
  

   ently 
  indicating 
  that 
  the 
  dike 
  has 
  this 
  pitch. 
  Between 
  the 
  

   carriage-road 
  and 
  Mill 
  River, 
  the 
  north 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  trap 
  has 
  in 
  

   many 
  places 
  a 
  westward 
  dip 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  angle, 
  confirming 
  the 
  

   conclusion 
  from 
  the 
  railroad 
  section 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  large 
  dip 
  of 
  the 
  

   fissure. 
  It 
  is 
  thus 
  proved 
  that 
  the 
  western 
  section 
  is 
  a 
  con- 
  

   tinuous 
  mass 
  of 
  trap 
  of 
  gradually 
  changing 
  course 
  and 
  mag- 
  

   nitude 
  ; 
  and 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  strictly 
  "transverse" 
  in 
  direction 
  only 
  

   along 
  its 
  eastern 
  end. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  dike 
  to 
  the 
  westward 
  and 
  probably 
  

   so 
  throughout. 
  

  

  The 
  eastern 
  section 
  is 
  made 
  one 
  continuous 
  mass 
  of 
  trap 
  by 
  

   Percival, 
  and 
  one 
  also 
  with 
  the 
  western 
  portion. 
  It 
  is 
  divided 
  

  

  * 
  According 
  to 
  the 
  leveling 
  of 
  two 
  parties 
  under 
  Mr. 
  Bache. 
  

  

  