﻿Ouachita 
  Mountain 
  System 
  in 
  Indian 
  Territory. 
  113 
  

  

  and 
  in 
  this 
  manner 
  the 
  underlying 
  structure 
  andrifopography 
  

   are 
  revealed. 
  The 
  northern 
  belt 
  of 
  Indian 
  Territory 
  distinctly 
  

   belongs 
  to 
  the 
  Kansas 
  division 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  and 
  

   the 
  writer 
  leaves 
  iis 
  further 
  description 
  to 
  St. 
  John, 
  Cragin, 
  

   Hay 
  and 
  Jenney, 
  investigators 
  who 
  possess 
  more 
  facts 
  con- 
  

   cerning 
  its 
  geology. 
  

  

  'The 
  middle 
  or 
  mountainous 
  belt 
  lies 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  Canadian- 
  

   Arkansas 
  Kiver. 
  A 
  mountain 
  system 
  traverses 
  it 
  from 
  east 
  

   to 
  west 
  and 
  marks 
  the 
  great 
  barrier 
  between 
  the 
  upper 
  Missis- 
  

   sippi 
  Valley 
  and 
  the 
  Texas- 
  Arkansas 
  regions 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  

   States.* 
  To 
  a 
  description 
  of 
  these 
  mountains 
  this 
  paper 
  is 
  

   mostly 
  devoted. 
  

  

  The 
  third 
  and 
  southern 
  belt, 
  the 
  description 
  of 
  which 
  must 
  

   be 
  left 
  to 
  a 
  future 
  paper, 
  includes 
  the 
  region 
  between 
  the 
  

   mountainous 
  belt 
  and 
  Ped 
  Kiver. 
  It 
  is 
  the 
  northern 
  termina- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  the 
  Texas 
  region 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States. 
  It 
  includes 
  

   many 
  topographic 
  and 
  geologic 
  features 
  which 
  are 
  the 
  result 
  

   of 
  neozoic 
  sedimentation 
  against 
  the 
  southern 
  border 
  of 
  the 
  

   mountains. 
  

  

  The 
  Mountain 
  Region 
  of 
  Central 
  Indian 
  Territory. 
  — 
  "With 
  

   the 
  exception 
  of 
  the 
  Ozark 
  hills 
  in 
  the 
  extreme 
  northeastern 
  

   corner, 
  the 
  mountains 
  of 
  Indian 
  Territory 
  are 
  the 
  direct 
  west- 
  

   ward 
  continuation 
  of 
  the 
  Ouachita 
  system 
  of 
  mountains 
  which 
  

   has 
  been 
  describedf 
  as 
  the 
  mountainous 
  area 
  between 
  Hot 
  

   Springs 
  Arkansas 
  and 
  the 
  Staked 
  Plains 
  of 
  Texas, 
  including 
  

   the 
  various 
  points 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  Poteau, 
  Seven 
  Devils, 
  San 
  

   Bois, 
  Shawn 
  ees, 
  Jack's 
  Fork, 
  Black 
  Fork, 
  Winding 
  Stair, 
  

   Sugar 
  Loaf,;f 
  Cavenal, 
  Stringtown 
  Hills, 
  Limestone 
  Pidge, 
  

   Potato 
  Hills, 
  Arbuckles, 
  Wichitas, 
  Navajoes 
  and 
  other 
  moun- 
  

   tains. 
  These 
  mountains 
  are 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  Arkansas-Canadian 
  

   drainage 
  and 
  must 
  not 
  be 
  confused 
  with 
  the 
  Ozarks 
  of 
  south- 
  

   western 
  Missouri. 
  Dr. 
  J. 
  C. 
  Branner's 
  coming 
  reports 
  will 
  

   doubtless 
  give 
  us 
  needed 
  light 
  on 
  this 
  relation. 
  

  

  The 
  mountain 
  belt 
  has 
  three 
  distinct 
  sub-divisions 
  : 
  (1) 
  an 
  

   eastern 
  or 
  Arkansas, 
  (2) 
  a 
  central 
  or 
  Chickasaw, 
  (da) 
  western 
  

   or 
  Wichita. 
  Its 
  areal 
  extent 
  may 
  be 
  compared 
  to 
  an 
  arch 
  

   whose 
  apex 
  is 
  southward, 
  as 
  marked 
  by 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  the 
  

   Canadian, 
  Arkansas 
  and 
  Ped 
  Piver 
  drainage 
  ; 
  its 
  eastern 
  mem- 
  

   ber 
  in 
  Arkansas 
  and 
  the 
  Choctaw 
  nation 
  is 
  a 
  forest 
  area 
  of 
  

   vertically 
  folded 
  Carboniferous 
  shales 
  and 
  sandstones 
  resem- 
  

   bling 
  the 
  Appalachian 
  country 
  ; 
  the 
  western 
  member 
  in 
  the 
  

   Chickasaw 
  and 
  Comanche 
  nations, 
  is 
  a 
  mostly 
  treeless 
  region 
  

   and 
  consists 
  of 
  low 
  folds 
  of 
  hard 
  white 
  and 
  blue 
  Silurian 
  lime- 
  

  

  * 
  See 
  this 
  Journal, 
  April, 
  1889. 
  

  

  f 
  Arkansas 
  Geological 
  Survey, 
  1888, 
  vol. 
  ii. 
  The 
  geology 
  of 
  Southwestern 
  

   Arkansas, 
  by 
  Robt. 
  T. 
  Hill. 
  

  

  \ 
  Near 
  Port 
  Smith, 
  not 
  the 
  Cretaceous 
  butte 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  name 
  east 
  of 
  Caddo. 
  

  

  