﻿C. 
  Barns 
  — 
  Continuity 
  of 
  Solid 
  and 
  Liquid. 
  145 
  

  

  Table 
  11 
  gives 
  the 
  values 
  of 
  the 
  pressures 
  corresponding 
  to 
  

   solidification 
  and 
  to 
  fusion 
  at 
  the 
  different 
  temperatures, 
  

   together 
  with 
  other 
  relevant 
  information, 
  as 
  sharply 
  as 
  these 
  

   statements 
  can 
  be 
  made. 
  M. 
  P. 
  denotes 
  melting 
  point, 
  S. 
  P., 
  

   solidifying 
  point. 
  

  

  Let 
  the 
  solidifying 
  points 
  and 
  melting 
  points 
  be 
  constructed 
  

   as 
  functions 
  of 
  pressure. 
  Figure 
  4 
  shows 
  the 
  points 
  to 
  lie 
  on 
  

   a 
  spindle-shaped 
  figure, 
  running 
  diagonally 
  across 
  the 
  chart. 
  

   They 
  are 
  again 
  taken 
  out 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  four 
  sets 
  of 
  results 
  and 
  

   numbered 
  accordingly. 
  §25. 
  The 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  curves 
  actu- 
  

   ally 
  observed 
  are 
  given 
  in 
  full 
  lines, 
  the 
  inferential 
  prolonga- 
  

   tions 
  in 
  dotted 
  lines. 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  nature 
  of 
  the 
  case 
  the 
  solidification 
  points 
  are 
  not 
  

   sharply 
  determinable. 
  §23. 
  Even 
  leaving 
  the 
  nuclear 
  solidifi- 
  

   cation 
  induced 
  by 
  inconstancy 
  in 
  the 
  linear 
  distribution 
  of 
  

   temperature 
  out 
  of 
  sight 
  (a 
  marked 
  example 
  of 
  which 
  occurs 
  

   in 
  the 
  series 
  for 
  117°, 
  §20, 
  where 
  solidification 
  and 
  fusion 
  are 
  

   practically 
  coincident), 
  all 
  percussion 
  and 
  jarring, 
  too 
  rapid 
  

   increase 
  of 
  pressure, 
  a 
  vibratile 
  wire 
  running 
  through 
  the 
  

   column 
  as 
  in 
  some 
  of 
  my 
  earlier 
  experiments, 
  will 
  cause 
  the 
  

   whole 
  labile 
  structure 
  to 
  topple 
  into 
  solidification. 
  Hence 
  the 
  

   solidifying 
  points 
  must 
  be 
  fairly 
  crept 
  upon 
  and 
  surprised, 
  and 
  

   hence 
  my 
  present 
  results 
  in 
  which 
  these 
  precautions 
  were 
  

   taken 
  show 
  high 
  solidifying 
  points 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  my 
  other 
  

   work. 
  §2, 
  note. 
  

  

  These 
  conditions 
  do 
  not 
  hold 
  with 
  like 
  importance 
  in 
  case 
  of 
  

   fusion 
  ; 
  for 
  the 
  melting 
  points 
  as 
  a 
  rule 
  show 
  much 
  greater 
  

   coincidence. 
  

  

  In 
  figure 
  4 
  I 
  have 
  therefore 
  placed 
  chief 
  reliance 
  on 
  the 
  

   data 
  of 
  series 
  II 
  obtained 
  as 
  they 
  were 
  with 
  the 
  experience 
  of 
  

   series 
  I 
  to 
  guide 
  me. 
  

  

  28. 
  Transitional 
  point. 
  — 
  If 
  the 
  two 
  curves 
  be 
  prolonged 
  in 
  

   the 
  direction 
  of 
  increasing 
  temperature, 
  their 
  eventual 
  coales- 
  

   cence 
  is 
  presumptive 
  by 
  §§25, 
  26. 
  Clearly 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  

   volume 
  lag 
  must 
  cease 
  when 
  the 
  paroxysmal 
  volume 
  changes 
  

   vanish. 
  

  

  If 
  the 
  two 
  curves 
  be 
  prolonged 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  decreasing 
  

   temperature, 
  then 
  the 
  data 
  themselves 
  indicate 
  the 
  probability 
  

   of 
  an 
  intersection 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  of 
  negative 
  pressure. 
  Beyond 
  

   this, 
  therefore, 
  there 
  would 
  be 
  an 
  inversion 
  of 
  the 
  conditions 
  of 
  

   fusion 
  : 
  in 
  other 
  words, 
  the 
  substance 
  would 
  solidify 
  at 
  a 
  lower 
  

   pressure 
  than 
  that 
  at 
  which 
  it 
  fuses, 
  and 
  fuse 
  at 
  a 
  higher 
  pres- 
  

   sure 
  than 
  corresponds 
  to 
  solidification. 
  I 
  believe 
  this 
  remark- 
  

   able 
  suggestion 
  to 
  be 
  interpretable 
  as 
  follows: 
  The 
  normal 
  

   type 
  of 
  fusion 
  changes 
  continuously 
  into 
  the 
  ice 
  type 
  of 
  fusion, 
  

   through 
  a 
  transitional 
  type, 
  characterized 
  by 
  the 
  zero 
  of 
  volume 
  

   lag. 
  The 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  for 
  naphthalene, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  can 
  

  

  