﻿C. 
  Barus 
  — 
  Continuity 
  of 
  Solid 
  and 
  Liquid. 
  147 
  

  

  Thus 
  the 
  work 
  has 
  a 
  bearing 
  on 
  the 
  nature 
  of 
  solution 
  ; 
  for 
  

   to 
  my 
  thinking, 
  what 
  I 
  have 
  ventured 
  to 
  call 
  cohesive 
  affinities* 
  

   cannot 
  differ 
  except 
  in 
  degree 
  from 
  the 
  affinities 
  determining 
  

   valency. 
  At 
  least 
  proceeding 
  on 
  this 
  assumption, 
  I 
  am 
  led 
  

   naturally 
  to 
  a 
  theory 
  regarding 
  changes 
  of 
  the 
  physical 
  state 
  of 
  

   aggregation 
  in 
  general, 
  which 
  I 
  will 
  indicate 
  elsewhere. 
  

  

  30. 
  Conclusion. 
  — 
  In 
  the 
  above 
  pages 
  I 
  have 
  merely 
  sought 
  

   to 
  describe 
  the 
  results 
  directly 
  given 
  by 
  experiment 
  in 
  so 
  far 
  

   as 
  I 
  understand 
  them, 
  and 
  to 
  draw 
  conclusions 
  which 
  in 
  the 
  

   light 
  of 
  known 
  facts 
  seemed 
  to 
  be 
  admissible 
  or 
  even 
  obvious. 
  

   In 
  how 
  far 
  these 
  conclusions 
  are 
  to 
  stand 
  or 
  fall, 
  will 
  depend 
  

   on 
  similar 
  investigations, 
  to 
  be 
  made 
  with 
  a 
  variety 
  of 
  other 
  

   substances 
  specially 
  selected 
  with 
  reference 
  to 
  their 
  position 
  in 
  

   a 
  scale 
  of 
  thermal 
  state. 
  § 
  3. 
  How 
  such 
  selection 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  

   made, 
  I 
  am 
  now 
  unable 
  to 
  intimate. 
  Substances 
  for 
  instance 
  

   which 
  fuse 
  continually, 
  like 
  glass 
  or 
  sealing 
  wax, 
  might 
  at 
  first 
  

   sight 
  be 
  referred 
  to 
  positions 
  near 
  their 
  critical 
  temperatures 
  : 
  

   but 
  I 
  believe 
  these 
  cases 
  are 
  mere 
  solution 
  phenomena 
  of 
  rela- 
  

   tively 
  small 
  interest. 
  At 
  all 
  events 
  at 
  the 
  outset, 
  the 
  exjjeri- 
  

   ments 
  must 
  deal 
  with 
  bodies 
  of 
  definite, 
  simple 
  and 
  preferably 
  

   crystalline 
  character, 
  to 
  the 
  exclusion 
  of 
  mixtures. 
  I 
  feel 
  con- 
  

   fident 
  that 
  in 
  an 
  examination 
  of 
  many 
  types, 
  some 
  will 
  be 
  

   found 
  lying 
  relatively 
  nearer 
  the 
  critical 
  point, 
  while 
  others 
  lie 
  

   nearer 
  or 
  even 
  beyond 
  the 
  -transitional 
  point; 
  and 
  that 
  if 
  the 
  

   above 
  method 
  be 
  applied 
  with 
  greater 
  rigor 
  than 
  was 
  done 
  in 
  

   the 
  present 
  paper, 
  light 
  will 
  be 
  thrown 
  on 
  the 
  long 
  neglected 
  

   department 
  of 
  fusion 
  and 
  solution 
  thermodynamics 
  as 
  related 
  

   to 
  pressure. 
  From 
  this 
  stage 
  of 
  progress 
  it 
  will 
  then 
  be 
  possi- 
  

   ble 
  to 
  approach 
  nearer 
  the 
  next 
  of 
  the 
  kindred 
  phenomena, 
  

   which 
  I 
  conceive 
  to 
  be 
  nothing 
  less 
  than 
  the 
  kind 
  of 
  hysteresis 
  

   or 
  higher 
  order 
  of 
  volume 
  lag 
  known 
  as 
  chemical 
  affinity. 
  

  

  [Added 
  to 
  proof. 
  — 
  To 
  obviate 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  a 
  bald 
  statement 
  like 
  the 
  last, 
  I 
  

   will 
  indicate 
  my 
  views 
  on 
  the 
  distribution, 
  or 
  successive 
  orders 
  of 
  volume 
  lags. 
  

   These 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  sought 
  — 
  I, 
  during 
  the 
  passage 
  of 
  a 
  given 
  atom 
  into 
  the 
  next 
  con- 
  

   secutive 
  in 
  a 
  scale 
  of 
  decreasing 
  atomic 
  weights 
  ; 
  II, 
  during 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  

   dissociation 
  of 
  the 
  molecule, 
  including 
  solutions 
  gas-fluid. 
  They 
  are 
  demonstrable, 
  

   III, 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  of 
  Andrews's 
  vapor 
  tensions, 
  including 
  the 
  Alexeef-Masson 
  

   solutions 
  liquid-liquid 
  ; 
  IY, 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  of 
  the 
  solid-liquid 
  phenomena 
  of 
  the 
  

   present 
  paper, 
  including 
  solutions 
  solid-liquid; 
  V, 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  of 
  solid-solid 
  

   phenomena 
  categorically 
  distinguishable 
  as 
  " 
  permanent 
  set 
  " 
  (Osmond, 
  Carus- 
  

   Wilson, 
  Barus). 
  They 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  sought 
  for 
  finally, 
  YI, 
  during 
  the 
  passage 
  of 
  a 
  

   given 
  atom 
  into 
  the 
  next 
  consecutive 
  in 
  a 
  scale 
  of 
  increasing 
  atomic 
  weights. 
  

  

  The 
  enumeration 
  is 
  systematic, 
  and 
  inasmuch 
  as 
  VI 
  is 
  virtually 
  identical 
  with 
  

   I, 
  the 
  inherent 
  nature 
  of 
  these 
  changes 
  is 
  periodic. 
  Hence 
  under 
  suitable 
  ther- 
  

   mal 
  conditions, 
  and 
  continually 
  increasing 
  pressure, 
  the 
  evolution 
  of 
  atoms, 
  of 
  

   molecules, 
  of 
  changes 
  of 
  physical 
  state, 
  are 
  successive 
  stages 
  of 
  periodically 
  recur- 
  

   ring 
  hysteresis.] 
  

  

  ing 
  paper 
  is 
  at 
  fault 
  only 
  in 
  postulating 
  an 
  unnecessary 
  change 
  of 
  hydration 
  of 
  the 
  

   silica 
  ted 
  water 
  (1. 
  c, 
  p. 
  116). 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  gratifying 
  to 
  note 
  that 
  evidence 
  of 
  the 
  similar 
  solution 
  behavior 
  solid-solid 
  

   is 
  forthcoming, 
  and 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  Osmond, 
  of 
  C. 
  A. 
  Carus-Wilson 
  

   (Phil. 
  Mag., 
  xxix, 
  p. 
  200), 
  and 
  of 
  myself, 
  as 
  I 
  have 
  already 
  pointed 
  out 
  (Phil. 
  

   Mag., 
  xxxi, 
  pp. 
  26-28).] 
  * 
  Ibid., 
  p. 
  115. 
  

  

  