﻿of 
  Antimony 
  and 
  its 
  condition 
  of 
  Oxidation. 
  

  

  215 
  

  

  approximately 
  decinormal. 
  Four 
  grams 
  of 
  tartaric 
  acid 
  

   were 
  added, 
  and 
  dilute 
  sulphuric 
  acid, 
  if 
  the 
  solution 
  still 
  

   remained 
  alkaline, 
  to 
  faint 
  acidity. 
  In 
  addition 
  10 
  cm. 
  3 
  of 
  a 
  

   mixture 
  of 
  sulphuric 
  acid 
  and 
  water 
  in 
  equal 
  parts 
  were 
  intro- 
  

   duced, 
  and 
  the 
  liquid 
  was 
  boilied 
  after 
  introducing 
  a 
  platinum 
  

   spiral 
  to 
  prevent 
  bumping, 
  and 
  a 
  trap 
  made 
  of 
  a 
  two-bulb 
  dry- 
  

   ing 
  tube 
  cut 
  short 
  and 
  hung, 
  large 
  end 
  downward, 
  in 
  the 
  

   mouth 
  of 
  the 
  flask, 
  to 
  prevent 
  mechanical 
  loss. 
  At 
  the 
  chosen 
  

   degree 
  of 
  concentration, 
  determined 
  by 
  marks 
  upon 
  the 
  flask, 
  

   the 
  boiling 
  was 
  stopped, 
  the 
  color 
  bleached 
  by 
  the 
  cautious 
  

   addition 
  of 
  sulphurous 
  acid 
  (approximately 
  centinormal), 
  and 
  

   the 
  solution, 
  nearly 
  neutralized 
  with 
  sodium 
  hydrate, 
  made 
  

   alkaline 
  by 
  hydrogen 
  sodium 
  carbonate 
  added 
  in 
  an 
  excess 
  

   amounting 
  to 
  about 
  20 
  cm. 
  3 
  of 
  the 
  saturated 
  solution, 
  was 
  

   titrated 
  with 
  the 
  standard 
  (decinormal) 
  iodine 
  after 
  the 
  addi- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  a 
  fresh 
  portion 
  of 
  starch. 
  

  

  Table 
  I, 
  contains 
  the 
  account 
  of 
  experiments 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  

   larger 
  amounts 
  of 
  antimony 
  were 
  employed. 
  

  

  Table 
  I. 
  

  

  Final 
  

   volume. 
  

  

  Tartar 
  

   emetic 
  

   taken. 
  

  

  Sb 
  2 
  3 
  

   taken. 
  

  

  Iodine 
  used 
  

  

  in 
  final 
  

  

  oxidation. 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   0-3522 
  

  

  Sb 
  2 
  3 
  

   found. 
  

  

  Error. 
  

  

  cm. 
  3 
  

   100 
  

  

  

  

  *rm. 
  

   5021 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   0-2178 
  

  

  grm. 
  

  

  0-2004 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   00174- 
  

  

  80 
  

  

  

  

  5030 
  

  

  0-2181 
  

  

  0-3784 
  

  

  

  

  2153 
  

  

  0-0028- 
  

  

  60 
  

  

  

  

  5008 
  

  

  0-2172 
  

  

  0-3768 
  

  

  o 
  

  

  2144 
  

  

  0-0028 
  — 
  

  

  60 
  

  

  

  

  5010 
  

  

  0-2173 
  

  

  0-3780 
  

  

  

  

  2151 
  

  

  0-0022- 
  

  

  60 
  

  

  

  

  5010 
  

  

  02173 
  

  

  0-3809 
  

  

  

  

  2168 
  

  

  0-0005- 
  

  

  

  r 
  55 
  

  

  

  

  5023 
  

  

  02178 
  

  

  0-3827 
  

  

  

  

  2178 
  

  

  o-oooo 
  

  

  

  55 
  

  

  

  

  5015 
  

  

  02175 
  

  

  0-3806 
  

  

  

  

  2166 
  

  

  0-0009- 
  

  

  

  50 
  

  

  

  

  5007 
  

  

  0-2172 
  

  

  0-3814 
  

  

  

  

  2171 
  

  

  o-oooi- 
  

  

  ] 
  50 
  

  

  

  

  5039 
  

  

  0-2185 
  

  

  0-3839 
  

  

  

  

  2185 
  

  

  o-oooo 
  

  

  | 
  45 
  

  

  0-5001 
  

  

  0-2169 
  

  

  0-3818 
  

  

  

  

  2173 
  

  

  0-0004 
  + 
  

  

  L45 
  

  

  0-5004 
  

  

  0-2170 
  

  

  0-3825 
  

  

  0-2176 
  

  

  0-0006 
  + 
  

  

  The 
  results 
  of 
  these 
  experiments 
  indicate 
  unmistakably 
  that 
  

   complete 
  reduction 
  may 
  be 
  brought 
  about 
  under 
  the 
  conditions, 
  

   but 
  that 
  concentration 
  to 
  a 
  volume 
  of 
  from 
  45 
  cm. 
  3 
  to 
  55 
  cm. 
  1 
  

   during 
  the 
  boiling 
  is 
  not 
  only 
  advantageous 
  but 
  necessary. 
  

   The 
  mean 
  error 
  of 
  the 
  determination 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  final 
  volume 
  

   fell 
  within 
  these 
  limits 
  was 
  zero 
  between 
  limits 
  of 
  «0 
  0009 
  grm. 
  

   — 
  or 
  0*0006 
  grm.+. 
  In 
  both 
  determinations 
  in 
  which 
  a 
  final 
  

   volume 
  of 
  45 
  cm. 
  3 
  was 
  reached, 
  and 
  in 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  experiments 
  

   in 
  which 
  the 
  final 
  volume 
  was 
  50 
  cm. 
  3 
  , 
  the 
  formation 
  of 
  the 
  

   crystalline 
  antimonious 
  iodide 
  or 
  oxyiodide 
  in 
  the 
  liquid 
  was 
  

   noted, 
  and 
  the 
  deposition 
  of 
  a 
  very 
  slight 
  sublimate 
  of 
  the 
  

   same 
  salt 
  in 
  the 
  trap. 
  It 
  is 
  evident, 
  therefore, 
  that 
  it 
  would 
  

   be 
  hazardous 
  to 
  attempt 
  to 
  push 
  the 
  concentration 
  further. 
  

  

  Am. 
  Jour. 
  Sci. 
  — 
  Third 
  Series, 
  Vol. 
  XLII, 
  No. 
  249.— 
  September, 
  1891. 
  

   15 
  

  

  