﻿222 
  Gooch 
  and 
  Smith 
  — 
  Estimation 
  of 
  Chlorates. 
  

  

  was 
  added 
  to 
  alkalinity, 
  20 
  cm. 
  3 
  of 
  a 
  saturated 
  solution 
  of 
  this 
  

   salt 
  were 
  added 
  in 
  excess, 
  and 
  the 
  arsenious 
  oxide 
  in 
  solution 
  

   was 
  titrated 
  by 
  standardized 
  decinormal 
  iodine 
  in 
  presence 
  of 
  

   starch. 
  The 
  iodine 
  added 
  in 
  the 
  reoxidation 
  of 
  the 
  arsenious 
  

   oxide 
  was 
  taken 
  as 
  the 
  exact 
  equivalent 
  of 
  the 
  iodine 
  expelled 
  

   in 
  boiling. 
  Several 
  closely 
  agreeing 
  determinations 
  made 
  in 
  

   this 
  manner 
  served 
  to 
  fix 
  the 
  standard 
  of 
  the 
  solution. 
  

  

  The 
  action 
  of 
  chloric 
  acid 
  under 
  similar 
  conditions 
  was 
  

   tested 
  by 
  following 
  out 
  exactly 
  the 
  process 
  employed 
  in 
  stan- 
  

   dardizing 
  the 
  iodide, 
  with 
  the 
  exception 
  that 
  weighed 
  amounts 
  

   of 
  potassium 
  chlorate, 
  purified 
  by 
  recrystallization, 
  were 
  also 
  

   introduced 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  precaution 
  was 
  taken 
  to 
  have 
  the 
  

   potassium 
  iodide 
  present 
  in 
  every 
  case 
  to 
  an 
  amount 
  at 
  least 
  

   eight 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  times 
  as 
  great 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  potassium 
  chlorate 
  

   — 
  this 
  amount 
  being 
  a 
  little 
  more 
  than 
  the 
  equivalent 
  weight 
  of 
  

   the 
  iodide 
  referred 
  to 
  the 
  chlorate. 
  The 
  experiments 
  involved 
  

   amounts 
  of 
  the 
  chlorate 
  ranging 
  from 
  0"2 
  grms. 
  to 
  0*01 
  grm., 
  

   and 
  quantities 
  of 
  the 
  iodide 
  varying 
  from 
  eight 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  to 
  

   fifty 
  times 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  chlorate. 
  The 
  results 
  with 
  all 
  essential 
  

   details 
  are 
  contained 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  table 
  : 
  

  

  I. 
  

  

  II. 
  

  

  III. 
  

  

  IV. 
  

  

  V. 
  

  

  VI. 
  

  

  VII. 
  

  

  VIII. 
  

  

  IX. 
  

  

  H 
  2 
  S0 
  4 
  

   [1:1] 
  

  

  H 
  2 
  KAs0 
  4 
  

  

  KI 
  

  

  = 
  1 
  

  

  Iodine 
  cor- 
  

   responding- 
  

   to 
  As 
  Q 
  3 
  

   reduced. 
  

  

  Difference 
  

   between 
  Io- 
  

   dine 
  taken 
  

   and 
  Iodine 
  

   added 
  to 
  ox- 
  

  

  KC10 
  3 
  

  

  KC10 
  S 
  

   found,— 
  

   that 
  is, 
  

   equiva- 
  

   lent 
  to 
  I 
  

  

  Error. 
  

  

  taken. 
  

  

  taken. 
  

  

  taken. 
  

  

  taken. 
  

  

  

  idize 
  As 
  2 
  3 
  . 
  

  

  taken. 
  

  

  umn 
  VI. 
  

  

  

  cm. 
  2 
  

   20 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   2 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   2-0092 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   1-5356 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   0-2962 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   1-2394 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   0-2000 
  

  

  grm. 
  

   0-2000 
  

  

  grm. 
  

  

  o-oooo 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  2-0092 
  

  

  1-5356 
  

  

  02973 
  

  

  1.2383 
  

  

  02000 
  

  

  0-1999 
  

  

  o-oooi- 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  1-0380 
  

  

  0-7934 
  

  

  0-0570 
  

  

  0-7364 
  

  

  0-1185 
  

  

  0-1188 
  

  

  0-0003 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  0-8706 
  

  

  0-6654 
  

  

  0-0435 
  

  

  0-6219 
  

  

  o-iooo 
  

  

  0-1004 
  

  

  00004 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  9-8706 
  

  

  06654 
  

  

  0-0429 
  

  

  0-6225 
  

  

  o-iooo 
  

  

  0-1005 
  

  

  0-0005 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  0-8706 
  

  

  0-6654 
  

  

  0-0435 
  

  

  0-6219 
  

  

  o-iooo 
  

  

  0-1004 
  

  

  00004 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  0-8706 
  

  

  0-6654 
  

  

  0-0435 
  

  

  06219 
  

  

  o-iooo 
  

  

  0-1004 
  

  

  0-0004 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  0-5023 
  

  

  03839 
  

  

  0-3208 
  

  

  0-0631 
  

  

  o-oioo 
  

  

  0-0102 
  

  

  0*0002 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  05023 
  

  

  0-3839 
  

  

  0-3201 
  

  

  0-0638 
  

  

  o-oioo 
  

  

  0-0103 
  

  

  00003 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  0-2009 
  

  

  0-1536 
  

  

  00889 
  

  

  00647 
  

  

  o-oioo 
  

  

  00105 
  

  

  0-0005 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  02009 
  

  

  01536 
  

  

  0-0903 
  

  

  00633 
  

  

  o-oioo 
  

  

  00102 
  

  

  0-0002 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  0-2009 
  

  

  01536 
  

  

  0-0903 
  

  

  0-0633 
  

  

  o-oioo 
  

  

  0-0102 
  

  

  0-0002 
  + 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  0-1339 
  

  

  0-1024 
  

  

  00405 
  

  

  0-0619 
  

  

  o-oioo 
  

  

  o-oioo 
  

  

  o-oooo 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  0-1004 
  

  

  0-0768 
  

  

  0-0157 
  

  

  0611 
  

  

  00100 
  

  

  0-0099 
  

  

  o-oooi— 
  

  

  20 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  0-1004 
  

  

  0-0768 
  

  

  ; 
  0-0182 
  

  

  u-or>so 
  

  

  o-oioo 
  

  

  i 
  0-0095 
  

  

  0-0005- 
  

  

  The 
  mean 
  error 
  of 
  these 
  determinations 
  is 
  a 
  little 
  less 
  than 
  

   0*0002 
  grm 
  + 
  , 
  between 
  extremes 
  of 
  0*0005 
  grm. 
  + 
  or 
  0005 
  

   grm. 
  — 
  , 
  and 
  the 
  results 
  are 
  evidently 
  excellent 
  for 
  an 
  iodo- 
  

   metric 
  process 
  in 
  which 
  titration 
  is 
  effected 
  by 
  decinormal 
  

   solutions. 
  An 
  excess 
  of 
  iodide 
  over 
  an 
  amount 
  a 
  little 
  in 
  ex- 
  

   cess 
  of 
  the 
  equivalent 
  proportion 
  is 
  without 
  effect. 
  The 
  pro- 
  

   cess 
  is 
  rapid 
  and 
  easy. 
  

  

  