﻿JS. 
  H. 
  S. 
  Bailey 
  — 
  Tonganoxie 
  Meteorite. 
  385 
  

  

  This 
  determines, 
  of 
  course, 
  that 
  the 
  species 
  are 
  confined 
  to 
  the 
  ocean, 
  

   brackish 
  or 
  freshwater. 
  Some 
  experiments 
  I 
  am 
  making 
  would 
  seem 
  to 
  point 
  to 
  

   the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  Diatomaceas 
  originated 
  in 
  freshwater 
  and 
  were 
  carried 
  down 
  to 
  

   brackish 
  water 
  and 
  so 
  to 
  the 
  sea. 
  Brackish 
  forms, 
  as 
  Xitzschia 
  scalaris 
  C. 
  G-. 
  E. 
  

   have 
  been 
  seen 
  growing 
  in 
  great 
  profusion 
  in 
  a 
  freshwater 
  pond 
  without 
  any 
  

   outlet, 
  and 
  brackish 
  forms, 
  as 
  Amphiprora 
  alata 
  C. 
  G-. 
  E.. 
  Amphora 
  aponina 
  F. 
  T. 
  K., 
  

   Bacillarw 
  paradoxa 
  G-.. 
  Cyclotella 
  operculata 
  F. 
  T. 
  K., 
  Fragilaria 
  capucina 
  L. 
  W. 
  D., 
  

   Itelosira 
  numrnuloid.es 
  F. 
  T. 
  K., 
  Xavicula 
  minutua 
  W. 
  S., 
  Xitzscliia, 
  angularis 
  W. 
  S., 
  

   X. 
  dubia 
  W. 
  S., 
  X. 
  linceris 
  W. 
  S-, 
  X. 
  reversa 
  W. 
  S., 
  Shizonema 
  co/iferta 
  W. 
  S., 
  S. 
  

   crucigera 
  W. 
  S., 
  S. 
  SmitMi 
  C. 
  A. 
  A., 
  Surirella 
  ovata 
  F. 
  T. 
  K., 
  and 
  Syuedra 
  iabulata 
  

   F. 
  T. 
  K. 
  have 
  been 
  grown 
  in 
  freshwater. 
  The 
  concentration 
  of 
  freshwater 
  in 
  the 
  

   western 
  lakes, 
  as 
  at 
  "Lake 
  Bonneville" 
  and 
  "'Lake 
  Lahontan" 
  have 
  resulted 
  in 
  

   brackish 
  water. 
  

  

  Xewark, 
  N. 
  J. 
  1891. 
  

  

  Art. 
  XXXVI. 
  — 
  The 
  Tonganoxie 
  Meteorite; 
  by 
  E. 
  H. 
  S. 
  

   Bailey. 
  With 
  Plate 
  XIII. 
  

  

  [Contributions 
  from 
  the 
  Chemical 
  Laboratorv 
  of 
  the 
  University 
  of 
  Kansas, 
  

   No. 
  II.] 
  

  

  In 
  "Science" 
  of 
  Jan. 
  2, 
  1891, 
  Dr. 
  F. 
  H. 
  Snow 
  published 
  a 
  

   preliminary 
  notice 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  discovery 
  of 
  the 
  Tonga- 
  

   noxie 
  meteorite. 
  The 
  specimen 
  was 
  picked 
  up 
  in 
  1886, 
  by 
  

   Mr. 
  Quincy 
  Baldwin, 
  on 
  his 
  farm 
  a 
  mile 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  town 
  of 
  

   Tonganoxie, 
  Leavenworth 
  County, 
  Kansas. 
  The 
  true 
  nature 
  

   of 
  the 
  specimen 
  was 
  not 
  understood 
  by 
  the 
  original 
  owner. 
  

   He 
  experimented 
  with 
  it 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  to 
  make 
  a 
  fish 
  hook 
  from 
  a 
  

   fragment 
  of 
  it, 
  and 
  thought 
  its 
  occurrence 
  was 
  an 
  indication 
  

   that 
  there 
  was 
  an 
  iron 
  mine 
  on 
  his 
  farm. 
  Since, 
  however, 
  he 
  

   was 
  unable 
  to 
  find 
  any 
  more 
  specimens, 
  the 
  iron 
  mine 
  theory 
  

   was 
  abandoned. 
  Mr. 
  Baldwin 
  disposed 
  of 
  the 
  meteorite 
  to 
  

   Mr. 
  H. 
  C. 
  Fellow, 
  then 
  Principal 
  of 
  the 
  Friends' 
  Academy 
  in 
  

   Tonganoxie, 
  and 
  from 
  him 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  purchased 
  by 
  Dr. 
  Snow 
  

   and 
  it 
  is 
  now 
  in 
  the 
  Museum 
  of 
  the 
  University 
  of 
  Kansas. 
  

  

  The 
  specimen 
  originally 
  weighed 
  a 
  little 
  over 
  twenty-six 
  

   pounds, 
  but 
  a 
  slice 
  has 
  been 
  cut 
  from 
  the 
  smaller 
  end, 
  in 
  order 
  

   to 
  obtain 
  a 
  plane 
  surface, 
  that 
  the 
  structure 
  might 
  be 
  studied, 
  

   and 
  the 
  present 
  weight 
  is 
  twenty-three 
  and 
  one-quarter 
  pounds 
  

   [10*55 
  kilos.] 
  Its 
  shape 
  is 
  that 
  of 
  an 
  irregular 
  triangular 
  

   pyramid 
  ; 
  the 
  length 
  being 
  9-J 
  inches, 
  the 
  width 
  6J- 
  inches, 
  and 
  

   the 
  depth 
  44 
  inches. 
  The 
  specific 
  gravity 
  is 
  745, 
  as 
  compared 
  

   with 
  water 
  at 
  its 
  greatest 
  density. 
  This 
  specific 
  gravity 
  was 
  

   taken 
  by 
  weighing 
  the 
  whole 
  meteorite. 
  

  

  As 
  can 
  be 
  seen 
  by 
  an 
  examination 
  of 
  Hg. 
  1, 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  

   the 
  meteorite 
  shows 
  numerous 
  depressions, 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  

   quite 
  large. 
  The 
  entire 
  exterior 
  is 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  reddish 
  black 
  

   coating. 
  This 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  composed 
  of 
  scales 
  of 
  oxide 
  of 
  

   iron. 
  These 
  scales 
  are 
  brittle 
  and 
  readily 
  attracted 
  by 
  the 
  

  

  