nn ORIGIN AND USES OF COLOUR EN AXDIAL8 219 



of Africa — we find many distinctive markings of a similar 

 kind. The gazelles have variously striped and banded faces, 

 besides white patches behind and on the flanks, as shown 

 in the woodcut. The spring-bok has a white patch on the 

 face and one on the sides, with a curiously distinctive white 

 stripe above the tail, which is nearly concealed when the 

 animal is at rest by a fold of skin but comes into full view 

 when it is in motion, being thus quite analogous to the 



Fig. 18.— Gazella soemmer: 



upturned white tail of the rabbit. In the pallah the 

 white rump- mark is bordered with black, and the peculiar 

 shape of the horns distinguishes it when seen from the 

 front. The sable-antelope, the gems-bok, the oryx, the hart- 

 beest, the bonte-bok, and the addax have each peculiar white 

 markings ; and they are besides characterised by horns so 

 remarkably different in each species and so conspicuous, that 

 it seems probable that the peculiarities in length, twist, and 

 curvature have been differentiated for the purpose of recogni- 

 tion, rather than for any speciality of defence in species whose 

 general habits are so similar. 



