326 GEOLOGY. 



by others, to belong to an ancestral type between man and his more 

 remote ancestry, which is not supposed to be simian, but an independent 

 phylum. 



The marine life. — The record of American murine life on the Atlantic 

 coast is extremely meager. During the larger part of the period the 

 coast -line was probably farther out than it is now, and the record is 

 inaccessible. The few forms found are very similar to those now 



at op 



Fig. 468. — Profile of the skull of the Pithecanthropus erectus (line Pe), compared with 

 profiles of the lowest men and highest apes: Spy I and Spy II, the men of Spy: Nt, 

 the Neanderthal man; HI, a gibbon (Hylobates leudscus): Sm, an Indian ape 

 (Semnopithecus maurus); and At, a chimpanzee (Anthropopithecus troglodytes) 

 (After Marsh.) 



living. On the Pacific coast there is a better representation/ but 

 even this probably represents only a small portion of the period, and 

 it is not certain which portion this is. The fauna is very similar to 

 that now living in the waters off shore. As recorded at San Pedro, 

 it has many species (18.57c , Arnold) now found living only at points 

 farther north, and most of the other species are now more abundant 

 to the north. This has led to the inference that the climate was then 

 somewhat colder than now. As in previous periods, the gastropods and 

 pelecypods greatly predominated. 



»Mem. Gal. Acad. Sci., Vol. Ill, 1903, Ralph Arnold. 



