516 GEOLOGY. 



with barbs, etc., implying some advance in art; there were carvings 

 that show not a little skill, and drawings in which the elements of 

 perspective and shading, as well as skill in delineation, are indicated 

 (Figs. 575 and 576). These seem to imply a higher stage of art develop- 

 ment than is obviously consistent with a limitation in the use of stone 

 to the very crude forms called paleolithic. However this may be, 

 present evidence seems to justify the conclusion of most European 

 archaeological geologists, that man was present in southern and central 

 Europe during the later part of the glacial period. 



Other references relative to the antiquity of man: Abbott, C. C, Primitive In- 

 dustry, Peabody Acad. Sci. Salem, 1881; A recent find in the Trenton Gravels, 

 Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. XXII, pp. 96-104, 1884; On the antiquity of 

 man in valley of Delaware, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. XXIII, pp. 424- 

 426, 1888; The Stone Age in New Jersey, Smiths. Kept. 1875, and Pop. Sci. 

 Monthly, Dec, 1889; Primitive industry, 10th Ann. Rept. of Peabody Museum, 

 p. 41. Babbitt, F. E., Vestiges of glacial man in Minnesota, Am. Nat., Vol. 

 XVIII, pp. 594-605, 697-706, 1884. Becker, G. F., Antiquities from under 

 Tuolumne Table Mountain in Cal., Bull. Geol. Soc. of Am., Vol. II, p. 189. Blake, 

 W. P., The Pliocene skull of California and the stone implements of Table Moun- 

 tain, Jour, of Geol., Vol. VIII, 1899, p. 631. Calvin, S., Lansing Man, Jour, 

 of Geol., Vol. X, pp. 745 et seq. Chamberlin, T. C, Lansing Man, Jour, of Geol., 

 Vol. X, pp. 745 et seq. Geikie, James, The Great Ice Age, pp. 616-690; also, 

 Prehistoric Europe, pp. 568 et seq. Gilbert, G. K., On a prehistoric hearth 

 under Quaternary deposits in western New York, Sci. Am. Supp., Vol. XXIII, 

 pp. 9221-9222, 1887. Lyell, Sir Charles, Antiquity of man. McGee, W J, The 

 Geology and Archaeology of California: Abstract, Am. Geo]., Vol. XXII, pp. 96- 

 126; Sci., new ser., Vol. IX, pp. 104-105; Sci. Am. Suppl., Vol. XLVII, p. 19313, 

 1899. Salisbury, R. D., Lansing Man, Jour, of Geol., Vol. X, pp. 745 et seq.; On 

 origin and age of the relic-bearing sand at Trenton, N. J., Sci., new ser., Vol. VI, 

 pp. 977-981, 1897. Skertchly, S. B. J., On the occurrence of stone mortars in the 

 ancient river gravels of Butte Co., California, Jour. Anth. Inst., May, 1888. South- 

 all, Recent origin of Man, p. 502; Upham, Warren, Geology of deposits containing 

 supposed vestiges of man in Minnesota ; Lansing Man, Science, Vol. XVI, pp. 355-6; 

 Am. Geol., Vol. XXX, pp. 135-150, and Vol. XXXI, pp. 25-34. Whitney, 

 J. D., Notice of a human skull recently taken from a shaft near Angels, Cala- 

 veras Co., Cal., Proc. Acad, cf Sci., Vol. Ill, pp. 277-278; Am. Jour. Sci., 2d 

 ser., Vol. 43, pp. 265-267, 1867; The auriferous gravels of the Sierra Nevada of 

 California, Cambridge, 1879. Williston, S. W., Lansing Man, Science, new 

 ser. Vol. XVI, pp. 195-6. Winchell, N. H., Lansing Man, Bull. Geol. Soc. of 

 Am., Vol. XIV, pp. 25-34, and 133-152; Am. Geol., Vol. XXX, pp. 189-194; 

 also Vol. XXXI, pp. 263-308. Wright, G. F., The glacial phenomena of North 

 America relative to the antiquity of man in the Delaware valley, Bull. Essex 

 Inst., Vol. XIII, pp. 65-73, 1882; Preglacial man in Ohio, Ohio Arch, and Hist. 

 Quart., Dec. 1887; The Ice Age in North America and its bearings upon the 

 antiquity of man, pp. 506-571 ; Remarks on the nature and history of deposits 

 in which a chipped implement was found in Jackson Co., Ind., Proc. Bost. Soc. 

 Nat. Hist., Vol. XXIV, p. 151, 1889; Man and the Glacial Period, pp. 243-307; 

 Recent discoveries concerning the relation of the Glacial Period in North America 

 to the antiquity of man, Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. Rept. for 1891, pp. 647-649, 1892 



