590 



INDEX 



Cretaceous period, salamanders, 

 iii, 179 

 saurians, iii, 180 

 sea-turtlss, iii, 180 

 sea-urchins, in, 186 

 sequoias, iii, 173 

 snakes, iii, 178 

 special faunas of, iii, 187 

 Cretaceous system, Africa, ii : , 171 

 Asia, iii, 170 

 Atlantic coast, iii, 137 

 thickness of, iii, 140 

 Australia, iii, 171 

 Black Hills, iii, 148 

 Borneo, iii, 172 

 chalk of, iii, 143 

 coal of, iii, 159 

 Europe, iii, 167 



iron ore in, iii, 170 

 Gulf coast, iii, 140 

 Lower, Africa, iii, 129 

 Asia, iii, 129 

 Europe, iii, 126, 128 



iron ore in, iii, 128 

 foreign, iii, 125 

 South America, iii, 129 

 map of, iii, 138 

 New Zealand, iii, 172 

 outside of America, iii, 167 

 Pacific coast, iii, 160 

 South America, iii, 171 

 Texas, thickness of, iii, 143 

 thickness of, iii, 160 

 western Gulf border, iii, 142 

 western Interior, iii, 144 

 Cretaceous teleosts, iii, 185 



turtles, iii* 178 

 Crevasses, i, 264 

 Crinoid curve, ii, 526 

 Crinoids, i, 661 



Carboniferous, ii, 616, 617 

 Devonian, ii, 464, 470 

 Genevieve, ii, 530, 532 

 Helderbergian, ii, 456 

 Jurassic, iii, 83, 84 

 Kinderhook, ii, 519, 520 

 Ordovician, ii, 359 

 Oriskany, ii, 459 

 Osage, ii, 522, 525 

 Silurian, ii, 400, 403 

 Triassic, iii, 57 

 Waverly, ii, 527 

 Crioceras, iii, 134 

 Cristellaria gibba, ii.'., 241 



radiata, iii, 241 

 Criteria of glaciation, iii, 337 

 Croatan beds, iii, 308 

 Crocodiles, iii, 42 

 Cretaceous, iii, 178 

 Jurassic, iii, 100 

 Triassic, iii, 43 

 Croll, James, cited, i, 322, 323. 



339; ii, 21; iii, 426, 519 

 Croll's hypothesis of glacial cli- 

 mate, iii, 426 

 Crosby, W, O., cited, i, 513; iii, 



370 

 Cross, W., cited i, 412, 451, 535, 

 573; ii, 624; iii 27, 65, 119, 

 156, 158, 474 i (and Em- 



mons and Eldridge), iii, 

 570; (and Howe), in, 572 

 Cross-bedding, 1, 373, 487 

 Cross-currents, in streams, 1. 117 

 Crossopterygians, ii, 487 



Devonian, ii, 461 

 Crotalocrinus ii, 410 



pulcher, ii, 403 

 Croton river, material ; n solu- 

 tion in, i, 108 

 Crowley's Ridge, iii, 408 

 Crushing strength of rock, ii, 127 

 Crust of earth, i, 13 



depth of, i, 14 



on Laplacean hypothesis, ii, 7 



varieties of rock in, i, 14 

 Crustacea, Cambrian, ii, 283 



Devonian, ii, 456, 459, 467, 

 47i 



Early Jurassic, iii, 91 



Jurassic, iii, 85 



Miocene, iii, 294 



Mississippan, ii, 521, 533 



Ordovician, ii, 348 ■ • 



Pennsylvanian, ii, 618 



Silurian ii, 408 

 Crustal adjustments, ii, 237 



due to easing of stresses, ii, 237 



due to gradation, ii, 236 



due to thermal changes, ii, 237 

 Crustal movements, i, 526-589 



causes of, i, 551-557 



differential extent of, i, 548 



due tc chemical change, i, 556 



due to cohes'on and crystal- 

 lization, i, 554 



due to diffus.on, i, 555 



earthquake, i, 527"533 



minute and rapid, i, 526 



periodicity of, i, 517, 539 



resistance to, i, 557 



slow and massive, i, 537~559 

 Crustal movements and conti- 

 nental borders, iii, 526 

 Crustal shortening, i, 548, 549f 



55o, 55i 

 Cryphaeus boothi, ii, 471 

 Cryptomeria, ii, 645 

 Cryptonella, ii, 465, 472 

 Crystal Falls region, Huronian 



series of, ii, 180 

 Crystalline rocks, types of, i, 16 

 Crystallites, i, 407 

 Crystallization of lava, i, 401, 

 402 



stages of, i, 403 

 Crystals, enlargement of, i, 435 

 Ctenodonta nasuta, ii : 354 



pectunculoides, ii, 354 



recurva, ii, 354 

 Ctenodus, ii, 537, 614 

 Ctenophyllum, iii, 39 

 Ctenostreon iii, 91 

 Cuba, Jurassic of, iii, 60 

 Cuboides zone, ii, 475 

 Cuchara formation, iii, 153, 206. 



208 

 Culm formation, ii, 513 

 Cummins, W. F., cited, ii, 563, 

 623 



Cup coral, Silurian, ii, 407 

 Cushing, H. P., cited, ii, 205 

 Cut-and-fill, i, 190, 193 

 Cut-off, 1, 191 

 Cutler formation, iii, 572 

 Cuttlefishes, Jurassic, in, 82 

 Cuyahoga shale, ii, 500, 560. 



iii, 554 

 Cyathaspis, ii, 483, 484 

 Cycadales, iii, 39, 94 

 Cycadeae, iii, 39 



Cycadeans, Triassic, iii, 39, 41 

 Cycadeoidea dakotensis, iii, 13* 



emmonsi, iii, 41 

 Cycadeomyelon, iii, 39 

 Cycadeospermum wanneri,iii,4i 

 Cycadofilices, ii, 593 

 Devonian, ii, 493 

 Mississippian, ii, 537 

 Pennsylvanian, ii, 592, 593, 



595 

 Permian, ii, 644 

 Cycads, Carboniferous, ii, 601 



Triassic, iii, 39 

 Cycas, iii, 39, 173 

 Cycle of erosion, 

 definition of, i, 82 

 recognition of, 1, 164 

 stages of, i, 80 

 Cyclonema bilix, ii, 353 

 Cyclostomes, ii, 486 

 Cylichnina, iii, 294 

 Cymoglossa, ii, 644 

 obtusifolia, ii, 643 

 Cynodesmus, iii, 253 

 Cynodictis, iii, 253 

 Cynognathus crateronotus, ii, 



651 m 

 Cypraea, iii, 295 

 Cyphaspis christyi, ii, 403 

 Cypricardella bellistriatus, ii, 471 

 Cyprimeria, iii, 134, 187 

 Cyprina, iii, 134 

 Cyrtina, ii, 465 



acutirostris, ii, 520, 5-1 

 dalmani, ii, 455 

 hamiltonensis, ii, 462, 478, 

 521 

 Cyrtoceras, ii, 473 



Onondagan, ii, 466 

 Cyrtoceras neleus, ii, 352 

 Cyrtolites ornatu;,, ii, 353 

 Cystids, i, 661 



Devonian, ii, 459, 464, 470 

 Genevieve, ii, 530 

 Helderbergian, ii, 456 

 Middle Cambrian, ii, 299 

 Ordovician, ii, 357 

 Silurian, ii, 403 

 Upper Cambrian, ii, 299 



Dacite, i, 469 

 Dadoxylon, ii. 601 

 Daedicurus clavicaudatus, iii, 501 

 Dakota formation, iii, 68, 69, 70, 

 142, 144, 153. 155. 157, 166, 

 206, 558, 564, 565, 566, 568, 

 57o 

 Hogback, iii, 146 

 horizon, plants from, iii, 174 



