608 



INDEX. 



New York, map of western, ii, 394 

 New Zealand, Cretaceous, iii, 172 



Jurassic, iii, 78 



Miocene, iii, 281 



Oligocene, iii, 252 

 Newark series, iii, 2 



coal, iii, 17 



correlation, iii, 17 



faulting, iii, 12 



former extent, iii, 9 



igneous rocks, iii, 10 



origin, iii, 7 



physiography of, iii, 19 



structure, iii, 11 



subdivisions, iii, 10 



thickness, iii, 17 

 Newberry, J. S., cited, ii, 461, 

 534. 535, 566, 614; iii, 40, 

 120, 133, 370 

 Newcomb, S., cited, ii, 16 

 Newfoundland, glaciation, iii, 336 

 Newland limestone, iii, 569 

 Newman limestone, ii, 502, 559; 



iii, 549 

 Newsom, J. F., cited, i, 514 

 Newton, H., cited, iii, 25, 148 

 Niagara Falls, i, 139 



age, iii, 415 



recession of, i, 139 

 Niagara fauna, ii, 389 



formation, ii, 377; iii, 553, 

 554, 556 



River, i, 120 



series, ii, 370, 375 

 Nichols shale, iii, 530 

 Nicholson, A., (and Lydekker,) 



cited, i, 658 

 Nickles, J. M., cited, ii, 310 

 Nicola formation, iii, 28 

 Nile River, delta of, i, 202 



material in solution in, i, 108 



sediment carried by, i, 107 

 Niobrara chalk, iii, 143 



formation, iii, 148, 564, 566, 

 57o 

 Nitikin, S., cited, iii, 92 

 Nitrogen and life, i, 642 

 Nodosaria bucillum, iii, 241 



communis, iii, 241 

 Nodules, i, 471 



Noeggerathiopsis hislop, ii, 645 

 Nolichucky shale, iii, 55° 

 Nomenclature of rocks, i, 449 



new system of, i, 451 

 Non-glacial Pleistocene forma- 

 tions, iii, 446 



of interior, iii, 454 

 Nordenskjb'ld, A. E., cited, iii, 281 

 Norfolkian epoch, iii, 421 

 Norite, i, 471 

 Normal faulting, ii, 235 



origin of, ii, 131, 13 2 

 Normal faults, i, 5*7 

 North America, average eleva- 

 tion of, i, 106 



centers of placiation, iii, 330 

 North Carolina, Triassic flora of, 



iii, 40 

 Northern Interior coal-field, ii, 

 548 



Norton, W. H., cited, ii, 424 

 Norton formation, ii, 559 

 Norway, Archean in, ii, 158 



Cambrian glaciation in, ii, 272 



Lias, oil in, iii, 73 

 Norwich crag, iii, 318 

 Nosite, i, 465 

 Nothosauria, iii, 42 



Triassic, iii, 45 

 Notidanus primigenius, iii, 294 

 Nova Scotia, Clinton formation 

 of, ii, 375 



glaciation, iii, 336 



Ordovician, ii, 336 

 Nova Scotia-New Brunswick 



coal-field, ii, 548 

 Novaculite, i, 471 

 Novae, ii, 41 

 Nuclear growth, ii, 78 



stage of earth's history, ii, 92 

 Nucleocrinus verneuili, ii, 463 

 Nucula ovula, iii, 243 

 Nuculidae, iii, 295 

 Nummulltes, i, 661 ; iii, 242 

 Nummulitic limestone, iii, 217 

 Nussbaum formation, iii, 206, 300 

 Nyctosaurus, iii, 179 



gracilis, iii, 179 



Oakville beds, iii, 262 

 Oblique fault, i, 525 

 Obolella gemma, ii, 285 



polita, ii, 299, 300 

 Obsidian, i, 407, 453, 471 

 Ocean, the, i, 7, 324-392 

 changes in, i, 329 

 composition of, i, 324 

 diastrophism in, i, 329 

 gradation in, i, 333 

 salts of, i, 324 

 volume of, i, 8 

 vulcanism in, i, 332 

 work of, i, 324-392 

 Ocean and carbonic acid gas, 



iii, 438 

 Ocean basin segments, size, i, 547 

 Ocean basins, i, 11 

 areas of, i, 7 

 connection of, i, 8 

 deposits on, i, 368-386 

 origin of, ii, 106-111 

 relief of bottom, i, n 

 topography of, i, 326 

 Oceanic circulation, Permian, ii, 

 669 

 deposits, chemical, i, 375 

 deep-sea, i, 368, 378-386 



organic, i, 375, 382 

 shallow water, i, 369-378 

 era, ii, 83 

 Ocostephanus, iii, 92 

 Odontocephalus aegeria, ii, 463 

 Odontopleura crosotus, ii, 349 

 Odontopteris, ii, 595 



cornuta, ii, 593 

 Oecotraustes, iii, 92 

 Oenonites rostratus, ii, 363 

 Offset with gap, i, 525 

 Offset with overlap, i, 525 

 Ogalalla formation, iii, 300, 564 



Ogishkee conglomerate, ii, 150, 



180 

 O'Hara, C. C, cited, ii, 420, 500 

 Ohio formation, iii, 156, 157,570 

 section of strata in, iii, 554, 



555 

 shale, iii, 554 

 Oil, California, iii, 201, 2C3 

 Colorado, iii, 152 

 Eocene, iii, 201 

 Indiana, ii, 336 

 New York, ii, 440 

 Norway, iii, 73 

 Ohio, ii, 336 

 Pennsylvania, ii, 44; 

 Texas, iii, 262 

 West Virginia, ii, 440 

 Old Red Sandstone, ii, 444 

 Oldham, R. D., cited, i, 534, 535; 



ii, 590, 635; iii, 171, 280 

 Oldhamia, ii, 279 

 Olenellus, ii, 296, 300 

 Cambrian, ii, 241 

 fauna, ii, 240, 296 

 gilberti, ii, 296, 297 

 Olenoides curticei, ii, 298, 299 

 Olentangy shale, iii, 554 

 Olenus fauna, ii, 241 

 Oligocene amber, iii, 251 

 carnivora, iii, 253 

 elotheres, iii, 255 

 fauna, iii, 257 

 land animals, iii, 253 

 rhinoceroses, iii, 254 

 vegetation, iii, 252 

 Oligocene epoch, iii. 242 

 Aquitanian stage, iii, 250 

 life of, iii, 252 

 marine life of, iii, 257 

 Stampian stage, iii, 250 

 Tongrian stage, iii, 250 

 Oligocene System, Africa, iii, 252 

 Europe, iii, 248 

 Europe, coal of, iii, 250 

 igneous rocks of, iii, 251 

 New Zealand, iii, 252 

 Panama, iii, 252 

 South America, iii, 252 

 Vienna basin, iii, 250 

 Oligoclase, i, 400, 465 

 Oligoporus, ii, 530 

 mutatus, ii, 525 

 Oliva, iii, 294 



litterata, iii, 294 

 Oliver, cited, ii. 595 

 Olivine, i, 400, 465 

 Omeose, i, 459 

 Omphacite, i, 465 

 Oncoceras pandion, ii, 352 

 Oneida conglomerate, ii, 370. 371 

 Oneota formation, iii, 559 

 Onondagan annelids, ii, 467 

 arthrodirans, ii, 461 

 brachiopods, ii, 464 

 bryozoans, ii, 467 

 cephalopods, ii, 465 

 corals, ii, 463 

 crinoids, ii, 464 

 crossopterygians, ii, 461 

 fauna, ii, 452, 460, 462 



