Ch. XIV.] 



OLDER PLIOCENE FORMATIONS. 



167 



Fig. 143. 



Fig. 144. 



Bear. 

 a. Canine tooth or tusk of bear (Ursus 



spelceus) ; from cave near Liege. 

 i. Molar of left side, upper jaw ; one 



third of nat size. 



Tiger. 



c. Canine tooth of tiger (Felts tigris) ; 



recent. 



d. Outside view of posterior molar 



lower jaw; one-third of nat. size. 



Fig. 145. 



Fig. 146. 



Uyana epeloea: second molar, left 

 side, lower jaw ; nat size. Cave 

 of Kirkdale. (See p. 160.) 



Teeth of a new species of Arvicola (field mouse) ; from the 

 Norwich Crag. (See p. 155.) 

 a. Grinding surface. b. Side view of same. 



c. Nat size of a and &. 



Fig. 147. 



a. Fourth molar, right side, lower jaw. Megatherium ; Georgia, 

 U. S. ; one-third nat. size. 



t. Crown of same. 



CHAPTER XIV. 



OLDER PLIOCENE AND MIOCENE FORMATIONS. 



Strarta of Suffolk termed Red and Coralline Crag — Fossils, and proportion of re- 

 cent 6pecies— i-Depth of sea and climate — Reference of Suffolk Crag to the 

 Older Pliocene period — Migration of many species of shells southwards during 

 the glacial period — Fossil whales — Antwerp Crag — Subapennine beds — Asti, 

 Sienna, Rome — Aralo-Caspian formations — Miocene formations — Faluns of 

 Touraine — Depth of sea and littoral character of fauna — Tropical climate im. 

 plied by the testacea — Proportion of recent species of shells — -Faluns more an- 

 cient than the Suffolk Crag — Miocene strata of Bourdeaux — of the Bolderberg 

 in Belgium — of North Germany — Vienna Basin — Piedmont — Molasse of Swit- 

 zerland — Leaf-beds of Mull in Scotland — Older Pliocene and Miocene forma- 

 tions in the United States — Sewalik Hills in India. 



The older Pliocene strata, which next claim our attention, are chiefly 

 confined, in Great Britain, to the eastern part of the county of Suffolk, 



