38 



dian name may perhaps be iucerpreted to mean " the fish which the 

 Spanish call Lady -fish." The name is not inappropriate, for the species 

 is remarkable for the grace of its form and the beauty and elegance of 

 its colors. My specimens measure eight inches. 



Color. — Head and upper half of body to the third ray of the soft dor- 

 sal rich chestnut-brown ; the remainder, including the lower half of the 

 operculum, bright golden-yellow. 



The lips have conspicuous folds. The pre operculum is very percepti- 

 bly denticulated. The two anterior ventral ray s and the soft dorsal and anal 

 and the caudal lobes are much produced, the dorsal and anal prolonga- 

 tions extending to the middle of the median caudal rays 5 the outer cau- 

 dal rays are twice as long as the median. 



POMACENTRIME. 



GLYPHIDODOX SAXATILIS, {Linne) Guvier. 

 Cow-pilot ; Sergeant-major. 



Jaguacaquarc, Marcgrave, Hist. &c. Brasil. iv, 1648, 156. 



Sparus fasciis quinque transversis fuscis, Lixxk, Amoen. Acad, i, 1749, 312. 



Chwtodon fasciis quinque albis,cauda bifurca, Lixxe, Mus. Ad. Fried, i, 1754. 54. 



Chwtodon saxatilis, Lixne. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1, 1758, 277; ed. 12, 1, 1766, 466.— Gmelin, 



Linue, Syst. Nat. 1, 1788, 1253. — Bloch, Ichth. vi, 1787, 71, tab. ccvi, f. 2. 

 Chiphisodon saxaiilis, Civ. & Yal., Hist. Xat. Poiss. v, 1830, 446. — Muller & Troschel 



Schouiburgk's Hist. Barbados, 1848, 674. — Castelnau, Aiiioi. Nouv. on Rares, 



Am6rique du Sud, 1855, 11. 

 Glyphidodon saxatilis, Guxther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. iv, 1862, 36. — Poey, Rep. Fis.-Nat. 



Cuba, ii, 1868, 3-J9.— Cope, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1870, 461. 

 Chwtodon Marginatum, Bloch, op. cit. tab. ccvii. — Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss. iv, 1803, 



451, 463. 

 Chwtodon Mauiitii, Bloch, op. eit. tab. ccxiii, f. 1. — Schxelder, Bloch, Syst. Ichth. 



1801, 234.— Lacepede, op. cit. 452, 470. 

 Chwtodon sargoidcs, Lacepede, op. cit. 453, 471, 472. 



Very common in sheltered waters. The largest, six to eight inches in 

 length, frequeut the shallow shaded coves in company with Pseudoscarus 

 vetula, Holacanthus cilia ris, and Sarotkrodus bimamrfatus. The young may 

 be seen basking in every shallow tide-pool. The origin of the common 

 name is not apparent, unless it refers to some supposed relation between 

 this species and the Cow-fish {Acanihostratiium quadricorne), such as 

 Xa aerates duetor \s supposed by sailors to hold with the Sharks. The 

 fish is sometimes called the " Sergeant-major," in allusion to the chevrou- 

 like bands of yellow on the sides. The species is very common through- 



