94 ANIMAL RESOURCES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



30. CHEMICAL PBODUCTS, &c— Continued. 

 a. Derived from mammals: 



(Koumiss, a fermented liquor, prepared from mare's and 

 cow's milk, and employed in medicine.) 



Phosphorus, prepared from bones, with specimens of matches, 

 vermin poisons, and other products. 



Vaccine lymph, derived from cows. 



Ammonia, prepared from bones and horn. 



Sal ammoniac, prepared from bones and dung*. 



Prussiates, prepared from hoof, horn, and leather waste, dried 

 blood, hair, and wool, with specimens of blue cyanide of 

 potassium. 



Lime from bones and bone phosphates. See also under 32. 



Punk and tinder, made from droppings of camel and bison. 



Animal charcoal, used as a decolorizer. 

 o. Derived from birds : 



Albumen of eggs, used in photography, in clarifying liquors, 

 by physicians as emollients and antidotes, and by apothe- 

 caries in suspending oils and other liquids in water. 



Egg-shells, employed as an antacid. 



c. Derived from reptiles : 



Crotalin of rattlesnake and copperhead. 

 (Scincus officinalis of Egypt, used by European practitioners 

 as sudorific and stimulant.) 



d. Derived from fishes : 



Propylamine, made from fish-brine. 



(Intestines of grayling, used by Laplanders as a substitute 



for rennet.) 

 Skins of eels, used by negroes for rheumatism. 



e. Derived from insects : 



Vesicatory preparations from American beetles, Cantharis 



cinerea and C. vittata. 

 (Vesicatory preparations derived from foreign beetles, can- 



tharides or Spanish flies, (Cantharis vesicatoria,) and other 



species, and substitutes ATylabris cichorii, Cercoma Schoefferi, 



Meloe, sp. var., &c.) 

 Vesicatory preparations from American spiders, such as 



'lege naria medicinal is . 

 Gall-nuts, used in medicine. (See under 29.) 



