the Yellowstone National Parh. 57 



Cinnamomum, other old world forms, were both represented, 

 the former by two and the latter by one species. The genus 

 Persea was also represented by a single species. 



Another lar^e and important group, now entirely unrepre- 

 sented in the Park, is the Fagacese, embracing two species of 

 Fagus, one of Castanea, eleven of Quercus and one of 

 Dryophyllum. The Fagus described as new is a beautiful 

 characteristic leaf, evidently rare, as it is found in only one 

 place. The Castanea, on the other hand, was very abundant 

 and widely distributed within the Park. The leaves are large 

 and as handsome and striking as are the leaves of the common 

 living species {C. dentata). The oaks, however, were abund- 

 ant in species and usually in individuals. They are all but 

 three new to science. 



The Urticacese, which are represented in the living flora by a 

 single rare herb ( Urtica gracilis)^ was represented during 

 Tertiary times by some ten species of Ficus and a single more 

 or less doubtful species of Artocarpus. Only two or three 

 species of Ficus were particularly abundant, at least as evi- 

 denced by their fossil remains. It is of great interest to learn, 

 however, that they were once present in a region that has long 

 since ceased to support them. The curious leaf referred 

 provisionally to Artocarpus is also of much interest as indi- 

 cating the possible presence of the bread-fruit tree in this por- 

 tion of the American continent. Two unmistakable species 

 of Artocarpus have already been detected ; one from the 

 Laramie and Denver beds of Colorado, and the other from 

 the Auriferous Gravels of California and the Miocene of 

 Oregon.* 



It is therefore not improbable that the type was in existence 

 in the Yellowstone Park during the early Tertiary. 



The Leguminosse, now represented by a host of small 

 herbaceous plants, was then represented by three species of 

 Acacia, known from pods, and two of Leguminosites, known 

 from leaflets. But none of them is particularly satisfactory. 



The only remaining group of deciduous-leaved plants of 

 any magnitude is the Sapindacese with five species of 

 Sapindus. Of these Sapindus affinis is perhaps the most 

 abundant form found among the Tertiary plants of the Park. 

 The small characteristic leaflets are found in the greatest pro- 

 fusion. The other species were less abundant. 



The other forms that require mention are Ulmus with four 

 species, Acer with at least two species, Celastrus with three 

 species and Phamnus, Paliurus, Zizyphus, Cissus, Ptero- 

 spermites, Tilia and Phus with a single species each. 



* Science, vol. xxi, p. 24, 1893 



