394 ScientiJiG Intelligence, 



and schist. As travelers generally cross from the lowlands to the 

 plateau by the Sheikh Pass, which has been cut down to the 

 Archean series, they had previously missed this interesting flora. 



In the second place, the high proportion of endemic species 

 and the fauna and flora of these hills may be explained by their 

 being inhabited by a group of species which entered the country 

 from land which formerly extended to the east. In the discussion 

 at the Geographical Society on Dr. Donaldson Smith's paper on 

 his journey to Lake Rudolf, Dr. Bowdler Sharpe remarked that 

 some of the Somali-land birds were allied to those of the Cape, 

 and were unlike the representative species that live in the inter- 

 vening parts of East Africa. It is most probable that the 

 Jurassic rocks of Somali-land are part of a band which once 

 extended eastward into the Indian Ocean, and may have been 

 part of the hypothetical continent of Gondwana-land or Lemuria. 

 This continent was probably separated from Equatorial East 

 Africa, but was connected with the Cape. Thus it is quite possi- 

 ble that some species may have reached both the Cape and Somali- 

 land without entering Equatorial Africa. Hence one of the 

 constituents of the fauna and flora of Somali-land may be a rem- 

 nant from those of the lost continent of Gondwana-land and 

 Lemuria." 



2. Text- Book of Palmontology^ by Karl A. von Zittel, trans- 

 lated and edited by Chaeles R. Eastman, Vol. I, Part I, pp. 

 1-352, 1896.— American students of geology and paleontology 

 will take especial pleasure in the appearance of this admirable 

 German treatise in English dress. It was originally intended to 

 produce a literal translation into English of the " Grundztige," 

 immediately following its German edition, and Dr. Eastman, who 

 was then a student at Munich, was selected by the author to con- 

 duct the translation. But as the work proceeded, and corrections 

 and additions became numerous, specialists in England and 

 America were consulted, and finally some of the sections were 

 referred bodily to others for thorough adaptation to the needs of 

 those who were expected to use them in the English language. 



The Protozoa and Coelenterata are translated with very slight 

 modifications. A note on p. 82, however, calls attention to the 

 important forthcoming work of Miss Ogilvie on the " Structure 

 and Classification of Corals^'' which will materially modify the 

 classification of the Madreporaria, hitherto constructed on the 

 main lines of the Milnes-Edwards and Haimes system. The sec- 

 tions on the Crinoids and the Blastoids were revised under the 

 direct supervision of Mr. Wachsmuth, and this part will be found 

 to agree with the masterly monograph of Wachsmuth and 

 Springer now being published by the Museum of Comparative 

 Zoology on " The Crinoidea Camerata of North America.'''' The 

 Cystoidea are substantially as in the Grundztige. Special 

 acknowledgments are expressed for assistance given by Mr. W. 

 Percy Sladen in revising the parts on the Asterozoa and the 

 Echinozoa, and particularly the chapter on Echinoidea, which is 



