686 



INDEX. 



Lake Huron, Proterozoic north 



of, 203 

 Lake Superior region, succession 



of events in, 200 

 Land life, Carboniferous, 606 



Devonian, 490, 491 



Mississippian, 537 



Ordovician, 346 



Permian, 646 

 Landes, H., cited, 506 

 Land-water life, criteria of, 480 

 Landwaters, Devonian life of, 



480 

 Lane, A. C, cited, 504, 540, 544, 



548 

 Langley S. P., cited, 674, 677 

 Laplacian hypothesis, 4 



difficulties of, 82 



of earth's history, 82 



modification of, 88 



objections to, 10 

 Lapworth, C, cited, 340, 345, 



364 

 Lateral creep of continents, 132 



spreading, 233 

 Laurentian formation, 141, 142, 

 143 



original area of, 151, 204 

 Lawson, A. C, cited, 151, 157 

 Lead in Illinois, 337 



in Iowa, 337 



in Missouri, 337 



in Ordovician, 337 



in Wisconsin, 337 

 Leadville limestone, 154, 506,563 

 Lecanocrinus macropetalus, 403 

 LeConte, J., cited, 570 

 Lee conglomerate, 539 



formation, 559 

 Leidy, J., cited, 534 

 Leiorynchus quadricostatus, 528, 



529, 532 

 Leith, C. K., cited, 146, 150, 180, 



194 

 Leonard, A. G., cited, 542 

 Leperditia dermatoides, 283 

 Lepidocoleus jamesi, 351 

 Lepidocystis moorei, 359 

 Lepidodendron, 598, 602, 603 



Devonian, 493 



Mississippian, 537 



Permian, 643 



sternbergii, 602 

 Lepidodiscus cincinnatiensis, 359 

 Lepidosiren, 487 

 Lepidostrobus sp., 594 

 Lepocrinites gebhardii, 455 

 Leptaena rhomboidalis, 367, 453, 



455, 525 

 Lepterpeton dobbsi, 609 

 Leptopora placenta, 520 

 Lesley, J. P., cited, 125 

 Lesleya, 595 

 Lewisian gneiss, 158 

 Lichads, Onondagan, 467 

 Lichas incola, 349 

 Lieber, O. M., cited, 145 

 Life, effects on atmosphere, 115 



during formation of Archean, 

 137 



Life, stage of initial, in 

 Limestone caves of Kentucky, 

 503 



crushing strength of, 127 



formation and its effect on 

 atmosphere, 660 



making, Mississippian, 662 

 Lindgren, W., cited, 555 

 Lingula flags, 271 



rectilateralis, 356 



umbona, 616, 617 

 Lingulasma schucherti, 356 

 Lingulella ccelata, 297 

 Lingulepis pinniformis, 299, 300 

 Linnarssonia transversa, 298, 



299 

 Linopteris, 595 

 Lithic eon, 90 



era, 83 

 Lithostrotion canadense, 530 

 Liveridge, A., cited, 24 

 Llanberis group, 271 

 Llandeilo beds, 342 

 Llandovery series, 396 

 Lobocrinus longirostrus, 525 

 Lockport limestone, 370, 377 

 Lockyer, N., cited, 13, 40 

 Logan, Sir W., cited, 151, i8r, 



566 

 Logan formation, 500 



group, 560 

 Longwood shale, 373 

 Lookout conglomerate, 539 

 Lophosp'ra helicteres, 353 

 Lorraine beds, 310 

 " Lost " interval, 222 

 Louisiana limestone, 561 

 Lower Barren Coal Measures, 



542 

 Lower Burlington limestone, 561 

 Lower Cambrian, 219, 241 



distribution of, 219 



or Olenellus fauna, 296 



relations to Proterozoic, 224 

 Lower Carboniferous (see Mis- 

 sissippian) 



close of, 516 



European, 511 



igneous rock, 515 



Period, 496 

 Lower Helderberg, 418 



Magnesian limestone, 315 



Permian of Europe, 626 



Productive Coal Measures, 542 

 Lower Silurian (see Ordovician), 



340 

 Lowville limestone, 310 

 Loxonema hamiltoniae, 471 



leda, 403 

 Ludlow series, 396 

 Lung-fishes, 487 

 Lunn, A. C, cited, 102, 667 

 Lycopodiales, Carboniferous, 598 



Devonian, 493 



Mississippian, 537 



Pennsylvanian, 592 

 Lycopodites welthermianum, 599 

 Lygin'odendron, 595, 596 

 Lyrodesma cincinnatiensis, 354 

 Lyropora, 531 



Machaeracanthus, 463 

 Maclurea logani, 353 

 Macrocheilus blaini, 520 

 Macrodon missouriensis, 521 

 Macrontella scofieldi, 351 

 Macropetalichthys, 463 



sullivanti, 462 

 Madison limestone, 153 



sandstone, 251 

 Manganese ore of Arkansas, 337 



377 

 Manlius limestone, 370 

 Mansfield sandstone, 540 

 Manticoceras, 478 

 Marbut, C. F., cited, 561 

 Marcellus shale, 429 

 Maroon conglomerate, 563 



formation, 154 

 Marquette region, Animikean in, 

 186 



geology of, 149 



Huronian series of, 179 



Proterozoic of, 176 

 Mars, atmosphere of, 93 



water on, no 

 Marshall shale, 562 

 Martin, G. C, cited, 619 

 Martinia glabra, 532 

 Mastodonsaurus giganteus, 610 

 Mather, W. W., cited, 310, 371 

 Matson, G. C, cited, 439 

 Matthew, G. F., cited, 244, 280 

 Mauch Chunk formation, 500 



shales, 502, 557, 558 

 Maxville formation, 500, 504 



limestone, 560 

 Maxwell, C, cited, 22, 34 

 McConnell, J. C, cited, 266 

 McGregor, J. H., cited, 6, 7, 



649 

 Medina formation, 373 



sandstone, 370 



series, 370, 398 

 Medlicott, H. B., cited, 259 

 Medlicottia, 654 



copei, 654 

 Medullosa, 595, 596 

 Meek, F. B. , cited, 450 

 Meekella striatocostata, 616, 617 

 Meekospira peracuta, 616 

 Megalopteris, Mississippian, 537- 

 Megaloxylon, 595 

 Melonites, 530 

 Mendon formation, 212 

 Mendota limestone, 251 

 Menominee, Huronian system, 

 179 



region, Animikean of, 187 

 geology of, 149 

 Mercury, atmosphere of, 93 

 Merrill, F. J. H., cited, 324 

 Mesabi district, 150 



Animikean of, 189 



Huronian series of, 180 

 Mesnard quartzite, 150, 179 

 Mesonacis vermontana, 296, 297 

 Mesontaric scries, 370 

 Mesosaurus, 679 

 Metamorphism of Archean, 144 



Proterozoic. 201 



