﻿144 
  O. 
  C. 
  Marsh— 
  The 
  Stylinodontia. 
  

  

  representatives 
  in 
  America, 
  Europe, 
  and 
  Asia. 
  One 
  genus, 
  

   Ancylotherium, 
  from 
  the 
  Miocene 
  of 
  Greece, 
  was 
  described 
  by 
  

   Gaudry 
  as 
  an 
  Edentate. 
  The 
  term 
  Ancylopoda 
  derived 
  from 
  

   this 
  genus 
  has 
  been 
  recently 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  whole 
  group, 
  but, 
  as 
  

   the 
  writer 
  has 
  already 
  suggested, 
  should 
  be 
  replaced 
  by 
  the 
  

   name 
  Chalicotheria* 
  

  

  To 
  this 
  group, 
  the 
  genera 
  Moropus 
  and 
  Morotherium, 
  

   described 
  by 
  the 
  writer 
  as 
  Edentates,f 
  have 
  been 
  recently 
  

   referred 
  by 
  some 
  authors 
  not 
  familiar 
  with 
  the 
  specimens 
  on 
  

   which 
  these 
  genera 
  were 
  based. 
  While 
  it 
  is 
  possible 
  that 
  the 
  

   nature 
  of 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  remains 
  attributed 
  to 
  the 
  former 
  genus 
  

   may 
  be 
  fairly 
  in 
  doubt, 
  there 
  can 
  be 
  no 
  question 
  that 
  the 
  two 
  

   known 
  species 
  of 
  Morotherium 
  are 
  both 
  true 
  Edentates. 
  The 
  

   type 
  specimen 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  genus 
  is 
  well 
  represented 
  in 
  figures 
  

   8 
  and 
  9, 
  above. 
  It 
  was 
  mainly 
  the 
  remains 
  of 
  these 
  two 
  genera 
  

   that 
  suggested 
  to 
  the 
  writer 
  some 
  important 
  conclusions 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  

   early 
  history 
  of 
  Edentate 
  mammals, 
  which 
  are 
  in 
  part 
  quoted 
  

   below, 
  since 
  they 
  seem 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  overlooked 
  by 
  recent 
  

   writers. 
  

  

  Origin 
  of 
  the 
  Edentates. 
  

  

  The 
  affinities 
  of 
  the 
  Stylinodontia 
  as 
  now 
  determined 
  have 
  

   brought 
  up 
  again 
  a 
  most 
  interesting 
  question 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  origin 
  

   and 
  former 
  geographical 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  Edentates, 
  and 
  it 
  

   may 
  not 
  be 
  out 
  of 
  place 
  to 
  repeat 
  here 
  what 
  the 
  writer 
  said 
  on 
  

   this 
  subject 
  nearly 
  twenty 
  years 
  ago, 
  in 
  an 
  address 
  before 
  the 
  

   American 
  Association 
  for 
  the 
  Advancement 
  of 
  Science, 
  at 
  the 
  

   Nashville-meeting, 
  August, 
  18774 
  The 
  main 
  passages 
  relat- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  the 
  Edentates 
  are 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  Edentate 
  mammals 
  have 
  long 
  been 
  a 
  puzzle 
  to 
  zoolo- 
  

   gists, 
  and 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  present 
  time 
  no 
  clew 
  to 
  their 
  affinities 
  with 
  

   other 
  groups 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  detected. 
  A 
  comparison 
  of 
  

   the 
  peculiar 
  Eocene 
  mammals 
  which 
  I 
  have 
  called 
  the 
  Tillo- 
  

   dontia, 
  with 
  the 
  least 
  specialized 
  Edentates, 
  brings 
  to 
  light 
  

   many 
  curious 
  resemblances 
  in 
  the 
  skull, 
  teeth, 
  skeleton, 
  and 
  

   feet. 
  These 
  suggest 
  relationship, 
  at 
  least, 
  and 
  possibly 
  we 
  

   may 
  yet 
  find 
  here 
  the 
  key 
  to 
  the 
  Edentate 
  genealogy. 
  At 
  

   present, 
  the 
  Tillodonts 
  are 
  all 
  from 
  the 
  lower 
  and 
  middle 
  

   Eocene, 
  while 
  Moropus, 
  the 
  oldest 
  Edentate 
  genus, 
  is 
  found 
  

   in 
  the 
  middle 
  Miocene, 
  and 
  one 
  species 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  Plio- 
  

   cene." 
  * 
  * 
  * 
  

  

  *The 
  term 
  Ancylopoda 
  is 
  preoccupied, 
  having 
  been 
  used 
  by 
  Gray, 
  in 
  1848, 
  

   for 
  a 
  group 
  of 
  Brachiopoda. 
  

  

  f 
  This 
  Journal, 
  vol. 
  vii, 
  p. 
  531, 
  May. 
  1874 
  ; 
  and 
  vol. 
  xiv, 
  p. 
  249, 
  September, 
  1877. 
  

  

  % 
  Introduction 
  and 
  Succession 
  of 
  Vertebrate 
  Life 
  in 
  America. 
  This 
  Journal, 
  

   vol. 
  xiv, 
  pp. 
  338-378, 
  November, 
  1877. 
  

  

  

  