﻿A. 
  W. 
  Duff 
  — 
  Seiches 
  on 
  the 
  Bay 
  of 
  Fundy. 
  409 
  

  

  Lake 
  Wallenstadt 
  because 
  of 
  the 
  seiche 
  period 
  not 
  agreeing 
  

   with 
  (3) 
  and 
  discovered 
  it 
  by 
  soundings. 
  He 
  also 
  found 
  both 
  

   vibrations 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  width* 
  and 
  vibrations 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  

   length 
  of 
  certain 
  lakes. 
  

  

  The 
  laws 
  of 
  such 
  vibrations 
  as 
  the 
  above 
  have 
  been 
  estab- 
  

   lished 
  both 
  theoretically 
  and 
  experimentally. 
  If 
  t 
  be 
  the 
  time 
  

   of 
  vibration, 
  parallel 
  to 
  a 
  side 
  of 
  length 
  I, 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  con- 
  

   tained 
  in 
  a 
  shallow 
  rectangular 
  vessel 
  with 
  vertical 
  sides 
  and 
  

   horizontal 
  bottom, 
  and 
  of 
  depth 
  A, 
  then 
  

  

  / 
  irl 
  . 
  ??Z7r/i\i 
  

  

  t=2{ 
  — 
  coth 
  — 
  -— 
  ) 
  

   \mg 
  I 
  J 
  

  

  in 
  which 
  for 
  fundamental 
  or 
  binodal 
  vibrations 
  m=l, 
  for 
  tri- 
  

   nodal 
  m=2, 
  etc. 
  When 
  h 
  is 
  very 
  small 
  compared 
  with 
  I 
  

  

  nearly. 
  

  

  m 
  Vgh 
  

  

  The 
  above 
  is 
  considered 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  first 
  approximation 
  to 
  a 
  solu- 
  

   tion 
  when 
  the 
  depth 
  is 
  variable, 
  if 
  h 
  be 
  understood 
  to 
  mean 
  

   the 
  average 
  depth. 
  Thus 
  Forel's 
  law 
  (3) 
  is 
  completely 
  in 
  

   accord 
  with 
  theory. 
  

  

  Forel's 
  proof 
  of 
  his 
  theory 
  was 
  accepted 
  as 
  sufficient 
  by 
  Sir 
  

   G. 
  B. 
  Airy.* 
  The 
  latter 
  in 
  reducing 
  tidal 
  observations 
  from 
  

   Malta 
  found 
  in 
  them 
  oscillations 
  of 
  a 
  sensibly 
  uniform 
  period 
  

   of 
  21 
  minutes 
  and 
  of 
  magnitude 
  considerably 
  greater, 
  at 
  times, 
  

   than 
  the 
  tides 
  themselves. 
  They 
  were 
  usually 
  simple 
  har- 
  

   monic 
  curves 
  but 
  sometimes 
  notched 
  at 
  the 
  top 
  by 
  smaller 
  

   oscillations. 
  Airy 
  ascribed 
  the 
  Malta 
  undulations 
  to 
  vibrations 
  

   between 
  a 
  certain 
  sand 
  bank 
  on 
  the 
  African 
  coast 
  and 
  another 
  

   on 
  the 
  Sicilian 
  coast, 
  and 
  states 
  that 
  a 
  rough 
  calculation 
  seemed 
  

   to 
  verify 
  this. 
  He 
  also 
  refers 
  to 
  similar 
  records 
  at 
  Swansea. 
  

  

  E"o 
  one 
  else 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  devoted 
  much 
  time 
  or 
  attention 
  

   to 
  studying 
  the 
  vibrations 
  of 
  large 
  bodies 
  of 
  water, 
  although 
  a 
  

   number 
  of 
  random 
  observations 
  have 
  been 
  made. 
  As 
  the 
  sub- 
  

   ject 
  seems 
  worthy 
  of 
  attention, 
  I 
  give 
  in 
  a 
  foot-note 
  references 
  

   to 
  the 
  literature 
  of 
  the 
  subject.f 
  In 
  two 
  respects, 
  at 
  least, 
  the 
  

  

  * 
  Phil. 
  Trans. 
  Roy. 
  Soc, 
  1878. 
  

  

  f 
  Forel. 
  Airy, 
  Dawson 
  — 
  see 
  references 
  already 
  given. 
  

  

  J. 
  H. 
  McFarland 
  (Nature, 
  Mar. 
  12, 
  1895), 
  observed 
  seiches 
  on 
  Lake 
  Derravaragh. 
  

  

  Charles 
  Rhodes 
  (Science, 
  May 
  7, 
  1886), 
  observed 
  fluctuations 
  at 
  Oswego. 
  

  

  J. 
  LeConte 
  (Overland 
  Monthly, 
  1883), 
  predicted 
  seiche 
  period 
  of 
  Lake 
  Tahoe. 
  

  

  Ledyard 
  (Science, 
  Feb. 
  7, 
  1890), 
  observed 
  10-min. 
  pulsations 
  on 
  Lake 
  Caze- 
  

   novia. 
  

  

  T. 
  D. 
  Graham 
  (Proc. 
  A. 
  A. 
  A. 
  S., 
  1883), 
  found 
  tides 
  on 
  Lake 
  Michigan 
  but 
  

   appareatly 
  no 
  seiches. 
  

  

  Smithsonian 
  Contributions, 
  vol. 
  xii, 
  mention 
  fluctuations 
  on 
  Lake 
  Superior. 
  

  

  M. 
  P. 
  Du 
  Boys 
  (Comptes 
  Rendus, 
  tome 
  xii. 
  No. 
  21, 
  25 
  Mai, 
  1891). 
  

  

  Century 
  Dictionarv 
  (under 
  " 
  Seiche 
  "), 
  refers 
  to 
  similar 
  phenomena 
  on 
  the 
  

   Baltic. 
  

  

  