﻿418 
  Scientific 
  Intellig* 
  

  

  ence. 
  

  

  globe-shaped 
  and 
  of 
  50 
  liters 
  capacity. 
  The 
  neck, 
  placed 
  down- 
  

   wards, 
  was 
  closed 
  with 
  a 
  rubber 
  stopper 
  carrying 
  five 
  glass 
  tubes. 
  

   Two 
  of 
  these 
  were 
  heavy 
  and 
  carried 
  the 
  electrodes. 
  Two 
  

   others 
  supplied 
  and 
  drained 
  the 
  fountain 
  and 
  the 
  fifth 
  furnished 
  

   the 
  gas-mixture, 
  1 
  1 
  parts 
  of 
  oxygen 
  to 
  9 
  of 
  air, 
  contained 
  in 
  a 
  

   large 
  gas-holder. 
  The 
  rate 
  of 
  absorption 
  was 
  about 
  21 
  liters 
  per 
  

   hour, 
  thus 
  giving 
  about 
  25 
  cc 
  per 
  watt-hour. 
  So 
  that 
  this 
  appa- 
  

   ratus 
  works 
  about 
  three 
  times 
  as 
  last 
  as 
  the 
  former 
  one 
  in 
  which 
  

   the 
  vessel 
  was 
  smaller 
  and 
  the 
  alkali 
  stationary 
  within 
  it. 
  — 
  J. 
  

   Chem. 
  JSoc, 
  lxxi, 
  181, 
  February, 
  1897. 
  g. 
  f. 
  b. 
  

  

  3. 
  On 
  the 
  Presence 
  of 
  Nitrites 
  in 
  the 
  Air. 
  — 
  A 
  quantitative 
  

   examination 
  of 
  the 
  air 
  for 
  nitrites 
  has 
  been 
  made 
  by 
  Defren. 
  

   Re-distilled 
  water, 
  free 
  from 
  ammonia, 
  nitrites 
  and 
  nitrates, 
  was 
  

   exposed 
  to 
  the 
  air 
  in 
  well 
  ventilated 
  rooms 
  in 
  porcelain 
  evaporat- 
  

   ing 
  dishes 
  15 
  cm 
  in 
  diameter. 
  Each 
  dish 
  contained 
  100 
  cc 
  of 
  water, 
  

   the 
  superficial 
  area 
  exposed 
  being 
  95 
  sq 
  cm 
  . 
  The 
  water 
  was 
  exam- 
  

   ined 
  at 
  intervals 
  for 
  nitrites, 
  the 
  quantity 
  being 
  computed 
  by 
  com- 
  

   parison 
  with 
  a 
  standard 
  solution 
  of 
  potassium 
  nitrite 
  containing, 
  

   per 
  cubic 
  centimeter, 
  0*0000001 
  gram 
  of 
  nitrogen 
  as 
  nitrite, 
  the 
  

   circumstances 
  as 
  regards 
  burning 
  gas 
  jets 
  and 
  lamps 
  being 
  noted. 
  

   Under 
  varying 
  conditions 
  the 
  quantity 
  of 
  nitrite 
  found, 
  in 
  terms 
  

   of 
  cubic 
  centimeters 
  of 
  standard, 
  was 
  after 
  one 
  hour, 
  2*5, 
  3*5 
  and 
  

   8; 
  after 
  two 
  hours 
  3*5, 
  8*5 
  and 
  13*5; 
  after 
  17 
  hours 
  in 
  the 
  last 
  

   instance 
  842 
  ; 
  and 
  after 
  nineteen 
  hours 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  and 
  second 
  

   instances 
  57*2 
  and 
  72*7 
  respectively. 
  These 
  results 
  show 
  that 
  

   nitrites 
  exist 
  in 
  the 
  air 
  where 
  gas 
  is 
  burning, 
  even 
  in 
  well 
  venti- 
  

   lated 
  rooms; 
  and 
  also 
  that 
  water 
  absorbs 
  these 
  nitrites 
  in 
  quan- 
  

   tities 
  increasing 
  with 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  exposure 
  to- 
  the 
  polluted 
  air. 
  — 
  

   Chem. 
  News, 
  lxxiv, 
  230; 
  J. 
  Chem. 
  Soc, 
  lxxii 
  (ii), 
  94, 
  February, 
  

   1897. 
  g. 
  F. 
  B. 
  

  

  4. 
  On 
  the 
  Solubility 
  of 
  Lead 
  and 
  Bismuth 
  in 
  Zinc. 
  — 
  In 
  their 
  

   investigations 
  on 
  the 
  solubility 
  of 
  lead 
  and 
  bismuth 
  in 
  zinc, 
  

   Spring 
  and 
  Romanoff 
  used 
  a 
  crucible 
  having 
  a 
  hole 
  bored 
  in 
  the 
  

   side 
  at 
  a 
  convenient 
  distance 
  from 
  the 
  bottom, 
  and 
  stopped 
  with 
  

   a 
  plug 
  during 
  the 
  preparation 
  of 
  the 
  solution. 
  The 
  heavier 
  

   metal 
  is 
  first 
  poured 
  into 
  the 
  crucible 
  so 
  that 
  its 
  level 
  is 
  just 
  above 
  

   the 
  opening. 
  Then 
  the 
  zinc 
  is 
  added 
  and 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  layer 
  of 
  

   fused 
  salt 
  or 
  charcoal 
  to 
  protect 
  it, 
  the 
  crucible 
  being 
  maintained 
  

   at 
  the 
  temperature 
  at 
  which 
  the 
  solubility 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  determined, 
  

   the 
  contents 
  being 
  stirred 
  every 
  ten 
  minutes. 
  By 
  means 
  of 
  a 
  

   ladle 
  a 
  sample 
  of 
  the 
  top 
  layer 
  is 
  now 
  taken. 
  On 
  knocking 
  out 
  

   the 
  plug 
  in 
  the 
  side, 
  the 
  top 
  layer 
  runs 
  out 
  and 
  a 
  sample 
  of 
  the 
  

   bottom 
  layer 
  is 
  ladled 
  out. 
  The 
  two 
  samples 
  are 
  analyzed, 
  a 
  

   table 
  being 
  given 
  of 
  the 
  composition 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  layers 
  at 
  tem- 
  

   peratures 
  from 
  266° 
  to 
  900°. 
  Plotting 
  the 
  temperatures 
  as 
  

   abscissas 
  and 
  the 
  percentages 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  layers 
  as 
  ordinates, 
  two 
  

   points 
  are 
  obtained 
  for 
  each 
  temperature. 
  One 
  of 
  these 
  is 
  the 
  

   solubility 
  of 
  bismuth 
  in 
  zinc, 
  the 
  other 
  the 
  solubility 
  of 
  zinc 
  in 
  

   bismuth. 
  By 
  prolonging 
  these 
  until 
  they 
  meet, 
  the 
  temperature 
  

   is 
  found 
  at 
  which 
  the 
  two 
  metals 
  will 
  mix 
  in 
  all 
  proportions. 
  The 
  

  

  