﻿T. 
  Holm 
  — 
  Studies 
  in 
  the 
  Cyperacem. 
  431 
  

  

  The 
  terminal 
  inflorescence 
  in 
  Dulichium 
  is, 
  on 
  the 
  contrary, 
  

   the 
  highest 
  situated 
  and 
  is 
  readily 
  distinguished 
  from 
  the 
  lat- 
  

   eral 
  ones 
  by 
  having 
  no 
  prophyllon. 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  important 
  morphological 
  peculiarity 
  in 
  Dulichium 
  

   lies, 
  therefore, 
  in 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  stem 
  with 
  its 
  numerous 
  

   internodes 
  of 
  equal 
  length, 
  a 
  structure 
  which 
  naturally 
  influences 
  

   the 
  composition 
  of 
  the 
  inflorescence, 
  but 
  in 
  reality 
  only 
  differ- 
  

   ing 
  from 
  the 
  related 
  genera 
  by 
  the 
  non-development 
  of 
  one 
  of 
  

   the 
  internodes 
  into 
  a 
  scape. 
  

  

  We 
  will, 
  thereupon, 
  examine 
  the 
  internal 
  structure 
  of 
  our 
  

   plant, 
  beginning 
  with 
  the 
  foliar 
  organs. 
  The 
  cauline 
  leaves 
  

   with 
  well-developed 
  blade 
  show 
  a 
  structure 
  which 
  is 
  very 
  

   much 
  the 
  same, 
  as 
  we 
  know 
  from 
  the 
  literature, 
  to 
  be 
  charac- 
  

   teristic 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  Carex. 
  The 
  epidermis 
  of 
  the 
  blade 
  

   shows 
  a 
  very 
  uniform 
  structure 
  on 
  both 
  faces, 
  the 
  upper 
  and 
  

   the 
  lower, 
  and 
  it 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  marked 
  characteristic 
  of 
  

   Dulichium 
  that 
  hairs 
  are 
  entirely 
  wanting 
  and 
  that 
  epidermal 
  

   thorns 
  very 
  seldom 
  occur. 
  It 
  is 
  only 
  along 
  the 
  margins 
  and 
  

   along 
  the 
  keel 
  of 
  the 
  leaf 
  that 
  such 
  thorn-shaped 
  expansions 
  

   are 
  to 
  be 
  found. 
  The 
  cuticula 
  is 
  rather 
  thin 
  and 
  stomata 
  are 
  

   only 
  present 
  on 
  the 
  lower 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  leaf 
  -blade 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  

   slightly 
  prominent, 
  surrounded 
  by 
  four 
  cells 
  and 
  form 
  gen- 
  

   erally 
  two 
  longitudinal 
  rows 
  between 
  the 
  mestome-bundles. 
  

   Concerning 
  the 
  shape 
  and 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  individual 
  cells, 
  the 
  

   epidermis 
  does 
  not 
  show 
  anything 
  of 
  interest, 
  except 
  that 
  some 
  

   of 
  the 
  cells, 
  which 
  lie 
  above 
  the 
  median 
  mestome-bundle, 
  

   are 
  developed 
  as 
  "bulliform-cells." 
  The 
  peculiar 
  internal 
  

   cone-shaped 
  projections, 
  which 
  we 
  have 
  recorded 
  in 
  our 
  article 
  

   upon 
  Carex 
  Fraseri, 
  abound 
  in 
  the 
  epidermis 
  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  of 
  

   Dulichium. 
  In 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  cell-content 
  of 
  the 
  epidermis, 
  

   we 
  were 
  rather 
  surprised 
  to 
  observe 
  that 
  tannin 
  was 
  present 
  in 
  

   several 
  of 
  the 
  cells, 
  and 
  we 
  succeeded 
  later 
  on 
  in 
  tracing 
  this 
  

   matter 
  to 
  various 
  tissues 
  of 
  the 
  leaf, 
  the 
  stem, 
  the 
  rhizome 
  and 
  

   the 
  root. 
  Antoine 
  Mazel* 
  deserves 
  the 
  credit 
  for 
  being 
  

   the 
  first 
  author 
  who 
  detected 
  the 
  tannin-reservoirs 
  in 
  the 
  genus 
  

   Carex, 
  a 
  fact 
  that 
  is 
  the 
  more 
  interesting 
  since 
  the 
  Cyperacece 
  

   formerly, 
  like 
  the 
  Gramiiiece 
  and 
  the 
  Ranunculaceoe, 
  were 
  con- 
  

   sidered 
  exceptional 
  in 
  not 
  possessing 
  reservoirs 
  of 
  any 
  kind. 
  

  

  The 
  mesophyll 
  of 
  the 
  leaf 
  consists 
  of 
  about 
  four 
  strata 
  of 
  

   closely 
  packed 
  palissade-cells 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  face, 
  while 
  the 
  

   remaining 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  mesophyll 
  is 
  built 
  up 
  by 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  

   irregular 
  cells, 
  which 
  surround 
  large 
  lacunes, 
  one 
  between 
  each 
  

   of 
  the 
  two 
  mestome-bundles. 
  By 
  studying 
  the 
  development 
  

   of 
  these 
  lacunes 
  in 
  very 
  young 
  leaves, 
  it 
  was 
  observed 
  that 
  

   they 
  originated 
  from 
  the 
  coalescing 
  of 
  a 
  group 
  of 
  from 
  four 
  

  

  * 
  Mazel 
  Antoine 
  : 
  Etudes 
  d'anatomie 
  comparee 
  sur 
  les 
  organes 
  de 
  vegetation 
  

   dans 
  le 
  genre 
  Carex. 
  Geneve, 
  1891. 
  (Reviewed 
  by 
  the 
  writer 
  in 
  the 
  Bot. 
  Gazette, 
  

   February, 
  1892.) 
  

  

  