﻿P. 
  F. 
  Schneider 
  — 
  Geologic 
  Fault 
  in 
  New 
  York. 
  459 
  

  

  right 
  and 
  leaving 
  the 
  turnpike 
  one 
  travels 
  np 
  stream 
  to 
  the 
  

   southward. 
  This 
  on 
  the 
  farm 
  of 
  Mr. 
  F. 
  B. 
  Fillmore. 
  At 
  a 
  

   distance 
  of 
  204 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  road 
  we 
  find 
  ourselves 
  at 
  the 
  

   axis 
  of 
  a 
  small 
  anticline, 
  so 
  slight 
  in 
  fact 
  that 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  dis- 
  

   regarded 
  even 
  in 
  this 
  region 
  of 
  regularly 
  stratified 
  rocks 
  were 
  

   it 
  not 
  for 
  the 
  fault 
  just 
  beyond. 
  At 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  345 
  feet 
  up 
  

   stream 
  we 
  have 
  come 
  to 
  an 
  actual 
  fault, 
  although 
  the 
  layers 
  

   from 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  turnpike 
  are 
  still 
  dipping 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  

   slight 
  angle 
  to 
  the 
  southward. 
  

  

  The 
  layers, 
  however, 
  which 
  dip 
  toward 
  this 
  point 
  from 
  the 
  

   southward 
  are 
  those 
  which 
  immediately 
  rivet 
  our 
  attention, 
  

   in 
  fact 
  they 
  could 
  scarcely 
  fail 
  to 
  attract 
  the 
  most 
  casual 
  

   observer. 
  We 
  are 
  still 
  in 
  the 
  bed 
  of 
  the 
  stream, 
  the 
  only, 
  

   place 
  where 
  the 
  layers 
  are 
  sufficiently 
  exposed 
  for 
  examination. 
  

   From 
  the 
  fault-line 
  which 
  is 
  transverse 
  to 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  

   stream, 
  the 
  layers 
  rise 
  in 
  a 
  sharp 
  monocline, 
  the 
  cause 
  produc- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  fault 
  having 
  bent 
  the 
  layers 
  of 
  hard 
  Corniferous 
  lime- 
  

   stone 
  so 
  that 
  they 
  stand 
  vertical 
  at 
  the 
  fault-line 
  and 
  form 
  as 
  it 
  

   were 
  the 
  arc 
  of 
  a 
  great 
  ellipse. 
  The 
  layers 
  dip 
  at 
  a 
  very 
  great 
  

   angle 
  at 
  first, 
  then 
  at 
  a 
  continually 
  smaller 
  and 
  smaller 
  angle 
  

   until 
  at 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  396 
  feet 
  up 
  stream 
  from 
  the 
  fault 
  we 
  

   again 
  have 
  perfectly 
  normal 
  conditions. 
  The 
  several 
  layers 
  of 
  

   limestone 
  forming 
  the 
  west 
  bank 
  of 
  the 
  stream 
  very 
  distinctly 
  

   show 
  the 
  conditions 
  described. 
  That 
  there 
  must 
  be 
  an 
  actual 
  

   break 
  together 
  with 
  a 
  displacement 
  is 
  obvious, 
  for 
  we 
  have 
  the 
  

   flexed 
  layers 
  dipping 
  to 
  the 
  north, 
  slightly 
  at 
  first, 
  then 
  

   sharply, 
  then 
  standing 
  vertical, 
  met 
  by 
  layers 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  

   rock 
  which 
  are 
  practically 
  horizontal. 
  The 
  actual 
  displace- 
  

   ment 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  about 
  fifteen 
  feet 
  although 
  this 
  could 
  not 
  

   be 
  accurately 
  determined. 
  Following 
  up 
  stream 
  still 
  farther 
  

   we 
  find 
  no 
  further 
  evidences 
  of 
  the 
  disturbance 
  but 
  simply 
  the 
  

   regular 
  layers 
  of 
  Marcellus 
  shale 
  presently 
  containing 
  the 
  

   seams 
  of 
  Goniatite 
  limestone. 
  

  

  Although 
  the 
  rocks 
  in 
  the 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  the 
  fault 
  are 
  so 
  

   deeply 
  covered 
  with 
  drift 
  and 
  soil 
  as 
  to 
  be 
  wholly 
  concealed, 
  

   the 
  topography 
  indicates 
  that 
  the 
  fault-line 
  extends 
  to 
  the 
  

   eastward 
  for 
  some 
  distance. 
  Further 
  traces 
  may 
  be 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  

   gutters 
  on 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  road 
  from 
  Fayetteville 
  to 
  Pompey 
  

   Hill, 
  which 
  is 
  but 
  a 
  few 
  rods 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  locality 
  just 
  

   described. 
  These 
  traces 
  in 
  the 
  road 
  are 
  scarcely 
  noticeable 
  and 
  

   no 
  additional 
  facts 
  were 
  learned 
  from 
  them. 
  

  

  By 
  following 
  the 
  turnpike 
  to 
  the 
  eastern 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  valley, 
  

   however, 
  we 
  find 
  another 
  small 
  stream 
  crossing 
  the 
  road 
  at 
  a 
  

   distance 
  of 
  2600 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  first 
  mentioned 
  locality. 
  This 
  

   is 
  near 
  the 
  house 
  of 
  Mr. 
  G-ifford 
  and 
  the 
  stream 
  leads 
  back 
  

   into 
  Gilford's 
  Glen. 
  By 
  turning 
  to 
  the 
  right 
  and 
  following 
  

   up 
  stream 
  we 
  continually 
  rise 
  over 
  the 
  edges 
  of 
  layers 
  of 
  Cor- 
  

  

  