A 

 PRELIMINARY REPORT 



ON THE 



GEOLOGY OF THE GULF TERTIARY OF TEXAS 



FROM 



RED RIVER TO THE RIO GRANDE. 



R. A. F. PENROSE, JR. 



INTRODUCTION. 



The literature on the subject of the Geology of East Texas is very frag- 

 mentary and vague. This might well be said of all parts of the State, yet it is 

 especially true of the eastern part. 



The 'first systematic work of a geological nature done in East Texas, was 

 by Dr. Ferdinand Roemer, who visited Texas in 1845-47; but even he, as 

 also most succeeding investigators, quickly moved into the Cretaceous and 

 Paleozoic regions lying in the western part of the State. He published two 

 principal works, both in German, entitled: 



1. "Texas, with Special Reference to German Emigration," etc., with a 

 topographic and geognostic map of Texas. Bonn, 1849. 



2. "The Cretaceous Formations of Texas and their Organic Remains, with 

 a Description of the Accompanying Paleozoic and Tertiary Strata." Bonn, 

 1852. Besides these works, Dr. Roemer also published several articles on 

 Texas, in the American Journal of Science and Arts. 



The Report of the Mexican Boundary Survey, of 1848-1855, contains data 

 on the geology of the region, by Arthur Schott; also, papers by James Hall 

 and T. A. Conrad, who, though they did not accompany the Expedition, drew 

 conclusions from the specimens collected. These statements, however, relate 

 only to the region in the immediate vicinity of the Rio Grande, and not to 

 East Texas proper. 



The printed reports of the State Geologists, 1858 to 1876 — Dr. B. F. Shu- 

 mard, Francis Moore, S. B. Buckley, and John W. Glenn — contain but little 

 information concerning the eastern part of the State, although some of the 

 iron localities are described, and sections given. 



In 1884 Professor Angelo Heilprin published his work entitled "Contribu- 

 tions to the Tertiary Geology and Paleontology of the United States." This 



