580 



INDEX. 



Mosses, geologic contributions 



of, 656 

 Moulton, F. R., 565 

 Mountain-forming movements, 



542 

 Mountains, serration of , 48, 50 

 Mount Erebus, 603 

 Mount Hecla, 603 

 Mount Shasta, 611 

 Mount Terror, 603 

 Movements of glaciers, 259, 261, 



279, 313-323 

 Movements of sea-water, 334- 

 342 



causes of, 334-339 

 Movements of the earth's body, 

 526-589 



causes of, 551-557 



continent-forming, 544 



distribution in time, 545 



epeirogenic, 537 



folding movements, 545 



minute and rapid, 526 



mountain-forming, 542 



erogenic, 537 



periodic, 542 



plateau-forming, 543 



relation of vertical and hori- 

 zontal, 545 



slow and massive, 537 

 Mud-cracks, 489 

 Mud-fiows, volcanic, 610 

 Mud-rain, 25 

 Mudstone, 471 

 Jiiigge, O., 313, 322, 323 

 Muir glacier, 259 

 Murray, Sir John, 11. 215, 325, 



326,369,604,655 

 Muscovite, 400, 464 



Narrows, 141 



Natural bridges, 153, 231 



of Virginia, 156 



on coasts, 351 

 Natural gases, 646 

 Natural levees (see Levees) 

 Natural oils, 646 

 Nebraska, volcanic dust in, 23 

 Nephelinite, 471 

 Nephelite, 400, 464 

 Nevadite, 471 

 Neve, 246 

 New River, 168 

 Newsom, J. F., 514 

 Niagara Falls, 139 



recession of, 139 

 Niagara River, 120 

 Nicholson, A. (and Lydekker, 



R.). 658 

 Nile River, 



delta of, 202 



material in solution in, 

 108 



sediment carried by, 107 

 Nitrogen and life, 642 

 Nodules, 471 

 Nomenclature of rocks, 449 



new system of, 451 

 Norite. 471 

 Normal faults 517 



North America, average eleva- 

 tion of, 106 

 Nosite, 465 

 Novaculite, 471 

 NummuUtes, 661 



Oblique fault, 525 

 Obsidian, 407, 453, 471 

 Ocean basins, 11 



areas of, 7 



connection of, 8 



deposits on, 368-386 



relief of bottom, 11 



topography of, 326 

 Ocean basin segments, size of, 



547 

 Oceanic deposits, 



chemical, 375 



deep-sea, 368, 378-386 



organic, 375. 382 



shallow water, 369-378 

 Ocean, the, 7, 324-392 



changes in, 329 



composition of, 324 



diastrophism in, 329 



gradation in, 333 



silts of, 324 



volume of, 8 



vulcanism in, 332 



work of, 324-392 

 Offset with gap, 525 

 Offset with overlap, 525 

 Oldham, R. D., 534, 535 

 Oligoclase, 400, 465 

 Olivine, 400, 465 

 Omeose, 459 

 Omphacite, 465 

 Onyx, 471 



Oolite, 435, 471, 496 

 Ooze, 471 

 Opal, 465 



Ore deposits (see Ores) 

 O'Reilly, J. P., 538 

 Ore regions, origin of, 477 

 Ores, 428, 474-485 



concentration by reprecipita- 

 tion, 479 



concentration by solution, 

 479 



concentration by surface 

 leaching, 478 



"flaxseed," 497 



influence of rock walls on 

 deposition, 484 



magmatic segregation, 475 



marine segregation, 476 



original distribution 475 



purification by leaching, 478 



residual concentration, 478 

 Organic processes, 638 

 Organic residue, 640, 641 

 Organic rocks, 449, 646 

 Original heat disuribution, 559- 



568 

 Origin and descent of rocks, 



393-484 

 Orogenic movements, 537 

 Orthoclase, 400. 465 

 Orthophyre, 471 

 Osars 306 



Outcrops, effects of faults on, 



522 

 Outwash plain, 306 

 Overloading of streams, 177 



178, 186 

 Overthrust, 518 

 Oibow lakes, 192, 198 

 Oxidation, 42, 427 

 Ozocerite, 465, 646 



Paleontologic geology, i 

 Paleontology, i 

 Paraffine, 646 

 Peastone, 472 

 Peat, 406, 472 

 Pegmatite, 472 

 Pelagic deposits, 379-386 



organic constituents of, 382 

 Pelagic fauna, 670 

 Pelecypods, shells of, 662 

 PeleJ, 618 

 "Pele's hair," 404 

 Pelites, 472 

 Peneplain, 81, 169 

 Penrose, R. A. F., Jr., 478 

 PeralkaUc rocks, 458 

 Percaleic rocks, 458, 459 

 Perfemane 455 

 Perfemic rocks, 454 

 PerfeUc rocks, 456 

 Perferrous rocks, 459 

 Peridotites, 416, 453 

 Perlenic rocks, 456 

 Per lite, 408, 453, 472 

 Permiric rocks, 458 

 PermirUc rocks, 45S 

 Permitic rocks, 457 

 Perolic rocks 457 

 Perpolic rocks, 456 

 Perpotassic rocks, 458 

 Perpyric rocks, 457 

 Perquaric rocks, 456 

 Perrey, A., 537 

 Perrine, 538 

 Persalane, 455, 459 

 Persalic rocks, 454 

 Persodic rocks, 458 

 Pertilic rocks, 457 

 Petrifaction, 223 

 "Petrified turtles," 496 

 Petroleum, 465 

 Petrology, i, 393-485 

 Petrosilex, 472 

 Pfaff, F., 537 

 Phanerites. 451 

 Phanero-crystalline rocks, 41.1 

 Phenocrysts, 412 

 Philosophic geology, i 

 Phonolite, 472 

 Photobathic fauna, 670 

 Photobathic zone, 670 

 Phyllite, 472 

 Physiographic geology, i 

 Picrolite, 465 

 Pictotite, 465 

 Piedmontitey 465 

 Piedmont glacier. 254 

 Piedmont plain alluvial. 183 

 Piracy. 160 



domestic, 104 



