682 



INDEX. 



Rocks, 



permiric, 458 



permerlic, 458 



permitic, 457 



perolic, 457 



perpolic, 456 



perpotassic, 458 



perquaric, 456 



persalic, 454 



persodic, 458 



pertilic, 457 



perpyric, 457 



phanerocrystalline, 412 



plutonic, 472 



polic, 456 



polmitic, 457 



porphyritic, 411 



precipitate, 427 



" pulpit," 350 



pyroclastic, 404, 406, 472 



quardofelic, 456 



quarfelic, 456 



salfemic, 454 



salic, 454 



secondary, 420 



sedimentary, 422, 486 



sodipotassic, 458 



solution of, 427 



specific heat of, 552 



stratified, 14 



talcose, 431 



tilhemic, 457 

 Rock terraces, 140, 204 

 Rock waste, 12 

 Roots, wedgework of, 112, 131, 



150 

 Rotation of earth, 



change in rate of, 575 



effect on stream erosion, 194 

 Rotation and vulcanism, 604 

 Roth, J., 108 



Running water (see Streams) 

 Run-off, 59 



Russell, I. C, 108, 118, 151, 172, 

 194, 203, 232, 256, 283, 388, 

 392. 636 

 Rutile, 466 



Saint Vincent, 605 

 Salfemane, 455 

 Salfemic rocks, 454 

 Saline lakes (see Salt lakes) 

 Saline springs, 235 

 Salisbury, R. D., 203, 256 

 Salt lakes, 391 



composition of, 372 



deposits in, 388 

 Salts, 



deposition of, 375-378 



in sea- water, 324-326 

 Sand, eolian, 26-37 

 Sandstone, 422. 434, 472 



stratification of, 487 

 Sandstone dikes, 514 

 Sanidine, 466 

 Sapping, 127, 133 

 Satinspar, 466 

 Schist, 446, 472 

 Schistosity 443 

 Schmidt, J. F. J., 537 



Schoharie Creek, beheaded, 105 

 Scoriae, 405, 473 

 Scour-and-fill, 194 



of Missouri River, 195 

 Scrope, G. P., 636 

 Sea-caves, 350 

 Sea-cliffs, 349 

 Sea, the (see Ocean) 

 Sea-water, 



aperiodic movements of, 338 

 movements generated by at- 

 traction, 337 

 movements of, 334-342 

 salts in, 376, 377, 378 

 Sea-waves, caused by earth- 

 quake, 535 

 Secondary rocks, derivation of, 



420 

 " Second bottoms," 205 

 Secretions, 497 

 Sediment, 



earned by Danube, 107 

 carried by Irrawaddy, 107 

 carried by Mississippi, 107 

 carried by Nile, 107 

 carried by Po, 107 

 carried by Potomac, 107 

 carried by Rhone, 107 

 carried by Rio Grande, 107 

 carried by Uruguay, 107 

 character of, influence 1 by 



land vegetation, 645 

 deposited by rivers, 65, 177- 



204 

 deposited in lakes, 387 

 deposited in sea, 368-386 

 effect on corrasion, 120 

 effect on falls, 137 

 how carried by streams, 116 

 Sedimentary rocks, 

 classes of, 422 

 structural features of, 486 

 Sedimentation and vulcanism, 



629 

 Seed-plants, 657 

 Segregation of ores, 475 

 Seiches, 366 



Seine River, intrenched mean- 

 ders of, 164 

 Selenite, 466 

 Septaria, 473. 495 

 Serpentine, 431, 466, 473 

 Serpentine kames, 306 

 Seward, A. C, 652 

 Shale, 422, 434. 473 



stratification of. 487 

 Shaler, N. S., 227, 349, 357 (and 



Davis, W. M.), 256 

 Shallow- water deposits, 368, 369, 

 379 

 characteristics of. 373 

 topography of, 374 

 Shearing of glacier ice, 317 

 Sheet erosion. 59 

 Shell marl, 655 

 Shore currents. 342 

 deposition by. 355 

 Shore deposition and coastal 



configuration 363 

 Shore drift, 355 



Shore ice, 389 

 Shoshone Falls, 135 

 Siderite, 425, 466 

 Silicified wood, 439 

 Silicious deposits, 425 

 SiUs, 446, 592 

 Sketcherly, S. B., 23 

 Slate, 473 

 Slaty structure, 441 

 Slichter, C. S., 221, 563. 576 

 Slumps, 231 

 Smaragdite, 466 

 Smith, E. A., 543 

 Snow-fields, 244 



distribution of, 244 

 Snowflakes, forms of, 310 

 Snow-line, 245 

 in Andes, 246 

 in Antarctica, 246 

 in Greenland, 246 

 in Himalayas, 246 

 Snow, work of, 244 

 Soapstone, 431, 473 

 Sodipotassic rocks, 458 

 Solms-Laubach, 652 

 Solution, 



by ground-water, 222 

 by rivers, 108, 122 

 Solution of rocks 427 

 Solvent action, location of, 480 

 Sorby, H. C, 367 

 Source of streams, 178 

 Spatter cones, 609, 610 

 Specific heat of rock, 552 

 Spermatophytes, geologic con- 

 tribution of, 657 

 Sphenophyllum, 657 

 Sphericity, a factor in deforma- 

 tion, 580 

 Spherosiderite, 466 

 Spinel, 466 

 Spit, the, 357 



Sponges, secretions of, 661 

 Sporadosiderites, 5 

 " Spouting horn," 351 

 Springs, 



calcareous, 235 

 chalybeate, 235 

 cold, 234 

 common, 235 

 deep 234 

 intermittent, 235 

 medicinal, 235 

 mineral, 235 

 sahne, 235 

 shallow, 234 

 sulphur 235 

 Stalactite, 437, 473 

 formation of, 227 

 Stalagmite 437. 473 

 St. Anthony Falls. 136 

 Stapff F. M. 388 

 Staurolite, 466 

 Steam discharge from volcanoes 



635 

 Steatite, 431, 466 473 

 Stevenson. D.. 341 344. 370 

 Stoping, 632 

 Stoss side. 299 

 Strachey, R., 51 



