liek — Divergent Evolution and the Darwinian Theory, 2\) 



shown whether the change of taste precedes the change of 



form and color, or the reverse. Differences between the sexes 

 of the same species in secondary sexual characters, are for 

 weighty reasons attributed to sexual selection ; hut he does 

 QOt show how this divergence between the sexes leads to the 

 production of new species. This production of difference of 

 character between the sexes, being in no way dependent on 

 the prevention of crossing- between the divergent sexes, must 

 be a wholly different process from the production of races and 

 Bpecies, which is absolutely dependent on prevention of cross- 

 ing between the divergent races and species. There is, never- 

 theless, every reason to believe that when the representatives 

 of a species capable of sexual selection are for many genera- 

 tions separated into groups that never cross, diversity of tastes 

 is one of the forms of diversity that inevitably arises ; but that 

 the psychological divergence is the cause of the other correlated 

 divergences is not so certain. The theory of divergence in 

 races because of divergence in the forms of sexual selection 

 seems to rest on the assumption that a psychological divergence 

 may be accumulated and rendered permanent in a new and 

 definite form without being subjected to selection ; but if this 

 is true of a psychological divergence, why may it not be true 

 of any form of divergence ? The difference in the ideals of 

 beauty in different races is as important as difference in the 

 skin and hair ; and in accounting for the origin of races, it is 

 quite as important to account for the former as for the latter ; 

 any theory that simply attributes the difference in the color of 

 the skin to difference in the ideal of beauty, will be met by 

 the suspicion that the difference in the ideal was preceded by 

 the difference in the color. My own strong conviction is that 

 the true explanation is equally applicable to either set of 

 phenomena. 



Dancings reference to the Causes which Check the Crossing of 



Varieties. 



In the second paragraph quoted from Darwin at the begin- 

 ning of this chapter we find mention of three causes that may 

 for a long time prevent the members of the same species from 

 freely intercrossing while occupying the same area ; but sub- 

 sequent statements, in the same and the three succeeding 

 sections, show that he regarded geographical and local separa- 

 tion as the forms of separate breeding that are most favorable 

 to the production of new species. Moreover, in the two 

 sections relating to " Divergence of Character," he seems to 

 maintain that the prevention of intercrossing is not a necessary 

 condition for divergence of character in members of the same 



